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盂蘭盆經疏新記(并序) 13 X21n0372_p0455b13
    錢唐沙門 元照 述 14 X21n0372_p0455b14
 教是道門孝為行本既沉冥而忘返故惻隱以流 15 X21n0372_p0455b15
 慈託彼親緣興斯至教。 16 X21n0372_p0455b16
 且夫行者所以趣道經者所以詮行疏者所以通 17 X21n0372_p0455b17
 經記者所以解疏。 18 X21n0372_p0455b18
 此蓋名教發起之大端講學討論之要術也。 19 X21n0372_p0455b19
 叔世浮侈正教支離既闕師承率從狂簡事唇吻 20 X21n0372_p0455b20
 之銛利逞記問之繁多私節游辭橫攻俗典。 21 X21n0372_p0455b21
 豈念修身報德但知逐利活名辜負生成背違天 22 X21n0372_p0455b22
 地。 23 X21n0372_p0455b23
 斯由傳授者鮮能開誘撰述者互有瑕疵。 24 X21n0372_p0455b24
 由是輒事操觚集成新記文從簡要義取優長教 25 X21n0372_p0455c01
 有宗途理歸至當。 26 X21n0372_p0455c02
 庶乎學者由記以達疏由疏以通經由經以起行 27 X21n0372_p0455c03
 由行以造道。 28 X21n0372_p0455c04
 然後敷于四海施之後世而無朝夕者不在斯文 29 X21n0372_p0455c05
 乎。 30 X21n0372_p0455c06
 【疏】盂蘭盆經疏(并序)。 31 X21n0372_p0455c07
  【記】解釋經題疏文自備今略以五門料簡初分能 32 X21n0372_p0455c08
  所二簡通別三辨華梵四明立題五顯異同初中 33 X21n0372_p0455c09
  依本經題上加佛說共有七字疏為能解上六字 34 X21n0372_p0455c10
  並所解經為能詮上五字即所詮盆為能救盂蘭 35 X21n0372_p0455c11
  為所救佛為能說下並所說二通別者且就經題 36 X21n0372_p0455c12
  佛說是通下四字為別又經字是通上三字為別 37 X21n0372_p0455c13
  又疏字是通上經題為別攬別簡通則局今經今 38 X21n0372_p0455c14
  疏矣三華梵者佛與盂蘭全是梵語生善不翻說 39 X21n0372_p0455c15
  及盆經並翻梵成華疏之一字全是華言四立題 40 X21n0372_p0455c16
  者凡經首題不過人法喻三單複全具歷為七別 41 X21n0372_p0455c17
  此經則以人法喻具足為題佛說人也盂蘭喻也 42 X21n0372_p0455c18
  即下疏云魂沉闇道命似倒懸故盆字是法經云 43 X21n0372_p0456a01
  吾今當說救濟之法即盆供也上依疏解若據經 44 X21n0372_p0456a02
  音義盆亦梵語同翻倒懸則人喻為題矣五同異 45 X21n0372_p0456a03
  中按應法師經音義云梵語烏藍婆拏此翻倒懸 46 X21n0372_p0456a04
  今詳烏藍即盂蘭也婆拏即今之盆也是則三字 47 X21n0372_p0456a05
  並是梵言但音之訛轉耳疏主且據經文安著盆 48 X21n0372_p0456a06
  中之語故作華言解釋音義則梵言得實疏家則 49 X21n0372_p0456a07
  一往符經疑故兩存隨人去取(相傳宋三藏 50 X21n0372_p0456a08
云烏監婆拏盆佐那翻 51 X21n0372_p0456a08
  倒懸救器未見典據不敢信用)疏即訓疏謂 52 X21n0372_p0456a09
疏決文義使無壅 53 X21n0372_p0456a09
  并序者謂以疏題兼目序首述作從省故注以示 54 X21n0372_p0456a10
  之。 55 X21n0372_p0456a11
 【疏】充國沙門宗密述。 56 X21n0372_p0456a12
  【記】充國即縣邑別號今係果州九州地里記云充 57 X21n0372_p0456a13
  國漢時巴子國後以人風充盛因以名焉後漢靈 58 X21n0372_p0456a14
  帝分為南充西充二縣因省下國字耳按晉書地 59 X21n0372_p0456a15
  理志巴西郡有西充國縣南充國縣故知充國乃 60 X21n0372_p0456a16
  古全名如譙國沛國魯國之類疏主西充縣人今 61 X21n0372_p0456a17
  從古名但云充國耳若據佗文多標居處今以此 62 X21n0372_p0456a18
  經宗於孝道故標父母之邦復由歸鄉致請因記 63 X21n0372_p0456a19
  撰述之處也宗密即疏主之名生於唐朝大弘至 64 X21n0372_p0456a20
  教平居終南之圭峰故人以圭峰稱之宣宗追諡 65 X21n0372_p0456a21
  定慧禪師諸餘化跡並載宋高僧傳沙門與述如 66 X21n0372_p0456a22
  常所解。 67 X21n0372_p0456a23
 【疏】始於混沌塞乎天地通人神貫貴賤儒釋皆宗 68 X21n0372_p0456a24
 之其唯孝道矣。 69 X21n0372_p0456b01
  【記】初句歎豎深次四句歎橫廣下一句結示所歎 70 X21n0372_p0456b02
  豎謂推其初始始則莫先於混沌橫乃顯其該遍 71 X21n0372_p0456b03
  偏則無出於三才豎深橫廣歎孝盡矣言混沌者 72 X21n0372_p0456b04
  儒宗謂天地萬物本於混元之氣元氣生天地天 73 X21n0372_p0456b05
  地生萬物故愚智貴賤貧富苦樂皆推天命死生 74 X21n0372_p0456b06
  變化終歸一氣然天地陰陽未分之前清濁相和 75 X21n0372_p0456b07
  故名混沌此即儒宗之至論也其次道家謂虛無 76 X21n0372_p0456b08
  大道生成養育道法自然生於元氣故云道生一 77 X21n0372_p0456b09
  (混元)一生二(天地)二生三(三才) 78 X21n0372_p0456b10
三生萬物萬物歸根復于 79 X21n0372_p0456b10
  虛寂此為道教之極致也若論釋教且就小乘謂 80 X21n0372_p0456b11
  一切眾生三毒三業造立器界成住壞空四相循 81 X21n0372_p0456b12
  環各二十劫且從空劫初成世界者俱舍頌曰空 82 X21n0372_p0456b13
  界大風起傍廣數無量金剛不能壞此名持界風 83 X21n0372_p0456b14
  (道以空界為虛無儒以大風為混沌道家所 84 X21n0372_p0456b15
謂道生一也)光音金藏雲布及三千 85 X21n0372_p0456b15
  界雨如車軸下風遏不聽流先成梵王界乃至夜 86 X21n0372_p0456b16
  摩天(儒謂清者昇天)風波清水成須彌七金等滓濁為山 87 X21n0372_p0456b17
  地四州及泥犁鹹海外輪圍(儒謂濁者為地 88 X21n0372_p0456b18
道謂一生二也)方名 89 X21n0372_p0456b18
  器界立時經一增減(經一增減劫世界方成 90 X21n0372_p0456b19
)乃至二禪福盡 91 X21n0372_p0456b19
  下生人間(道謂二生三儒謂盤古生于中) 92 X21n0372_p0456b20
初食地餅林藤後餐粳 93 X21n0372_p0456b20
  米不消大小便利男女形別分田立主求臣佐等 94 X21n0372_p0456b21
  種種差別(道謂三生萬物儒宗亦然)總十 95 X21n0372_p0456b22
九增減兼前總二十 96 X21n0372_p0456b22
  增減名為成劫(住壞空各二十劫)圭峰云空界劫中道教 97 X21n0372_p0456b23
  指為虛無之道大風即彼儒家混沌一氣是知混 98 X21n0372_p0456b24
  沌即成劫之初此時孝道已蘊其中故云始於也 99 X21n0372_p0456c01
  (上並出圭峰原人論孤山云此方外教認空 100 X21n0372_p0456c02
劫為混沌者非)問今釋佛經反依 101 X21n0372_p0456c02
  儒宗云混沌者答行孝報親正存誘俗況歸鄉設 102 X21n0372_p0456c03
  會道俗同聞若指劫初則俗流難曉故標混沌則 103 X21n0372_p0456c04
  四眾通知以至下明二教同異多引儒書意亦同 104 X21n0372_p0456c05
  此孤山云此經宗旨是人天乘故得附近儒書而 105 X21n0372_p0456c06
  言混沌今謂不然佛教人天已明報應一途方便 106 X21n0372_p0456c07
  誘接鈍根豈與儒書而相附近縱是人天猶非比擬 107 X21n0372_p0456c08
  況復此經非人天乎(如後廣破)次明橫廣即約三才初 108 X21n0372_p0456c09
  句天地下三句並就人中以論差別或可天地約 109 X21n0372_p0456c10
  無情下並有情塞天地者即孝經云夫孝天之經 110 X21n0372_p0456c11
  也(經常也謂三光照臨四時運行萬物資生 111 X21n0372_p0456c12
古今皆然乃天之常德也)地之義也(義利 112 X21n0372_p0456c12
  也山澤林野所出萬物隨風土所宜乃地之為 113 X21n0372_p0456c13
利也)謂天之常德下臨區宇 114 X21n0372_p0456c13
  天之孝也地之所利養於生靈地之孝也則知孝 115 X21n0372_p0456c14
  道充乎天地之間明矣通人神者人則可知神謂 116 X21n0372_p0456c15
  鬼神總收四趣天修鬼獄雖分幽顯皆有君親則 117 X21n0372_p0456c16
  驗幽靈咸知孝敬若準下云慈烏鸚鵡尚解酬恩 118 X21n0372_p0456c17
  是則孝道通於六趣矣(有云行孝感於鬼神 119 X21n0372_p0456c18
者非)貫貴賤者且 120 X21n0372_p0456c18
  就人論天子最貴庶人唯賤諸侯卿土望下則貴 121 X21n0372_p0456c19
  望上為賤孝經五章各明孝行五用雖別孝行不 122 X21n0372_p0456c20
  殊故後結云自天子至於庶人孝無終始而患不 123 X21n0372_p0456c21
  及者未之有也(死而後已故無終始未有患 124 X21n0372_p0456c22
力不及而容不行者)儒釋皆宗 125 X21n0372_p0456c22
  者即下彰孝道中通明孝為二教之宗本疏自委 126 X21n0372_p0456c23
  釋不復繁詞講者臨文探引此說人神約趣貴賤 127 X21n0372_p0456c24
  據位儒釋約教三結中唯即訓獨意謂餘行局在 128 X21n0372_p0457a01
  一端獨茲孝道該貫彼此舉上諸義對歷可知爾 129 X21n0372_p0457a02
  雅云善父母為孝凡為人子當行其中故云孝道。 130 X21n0372_p0457a03
 【疏】應孝子之懇誠救二親之苦厄酬昊天恩德其 131 X21n0372_p0457a04
 唯盂蘭盆之教也。 132 X21n0372_p0457a05
  【記】應猶稱也孝子者通語末代報親之人懇誠言 133 X21n0372_p0457a06
  其專至苦厄目於惡道恩德不出乳養文有四句 134 X21n0372_p0457a07
  初句標舉所應之機末句結示能應之教也中間 135 X21n0372_p0457a08
  二句則通機教在機則是所應之事在教則為能 136 X21n0372_p0457a09
  應之功準下經宗備有四義一孝順二設供三捘 137 X21n0372_p0457a10
  苦四報恩引對今文唯缺設供義必具之以見佗 138 X21n0372_p0457a11
  經不具諸義故云唯也。 139 X21n0372_p0457a12
 【疏】宗密罪舋早年喪親每履雪霜之悲永懷風樹 140 X21n0372_p0457a13
 之恨。 141 X21n0372_p0457a14
  【記】初二句敘幼歲喪親次一句示以時追慕下一 142 X21n0372_p0457a15
  句恨不及侍養舋亦訓罪意謂失於侍養遂致喪 143 X21n0372_p0457a16
  亡引過歸己是罪逆人也早年即童稚之時雪霜 144 X21n0372_p0457a17
  悲者禮記祭義云秋霜露既降君子履之必有悽 145 X21n0372_p0457a18
  愴之心非其寒之謂也春雨露既濡君子履之必 146 X21n0372_p0457a19
  有﹝惏-木﹞惕(上丑律下他歷憂也)之 147 X21n0372_p0457a20
心如將見之今略舉秋時仍 148 X21n0372_p0457a20
  易露字則通於秋冬也風樹恨者魯史云孔子出 149 X21n0372_p0457a21
  行見虞丘子哭於路(楚國相)問其故對曰吾有三失 150 X21n0372_p0457a22
  是以哭之少遊學周流天下父母已終闕於侍養 151 X21n0372_p0457a23
  是吾一失素高其志不事庸君而臣節不遂是吾 152 X21n0372_p0457a24
  二失少擇交遊寡於親友老無所託是吾三失夫 153 X21n0372_p0457b01
  樹欲靜而風不止子欲養而親不待往而不返者 154 X21n0372_p0457b02
  年也不可再見者親也設以此辭遂立哭而死孔 155 X21n0372_p0457b03
  子顧謂左右曰記之可以為誡於是弟子辭歸養 156 X21n0372_p0457b04
  親者十有二焉(舊引家語與此頗差請以史 157 X21n0372_p0457b05
文為正)今止用文中一 158 X21n0372_p0457b05
  句以喻事與心違故長懷歎恨。 159 X21n0372_p0457b06
 【疏】竊以終身墳壟卒世蒸嘗雖展孝思不資神道。 160 X21n0372_p0457b07
  【記】初二字標能思之心竊以謂私自慮之下四句 161 X21n0372_p0457b08
  示所思之事上二句明依儒行終身卒世語變義 162 X21n0372_p0457b09
  同古之人父母既喪負土為墳植柏成列廬墓三 163 X21n0372_p0457b10
  年以盡孝誠墳壟者封土為墳平除曰墓壟即墓 164 X21n0372_p0457b11
  之塋域蒸嘗即祭名禮記祭有四時春曰礿(音藥)夏 165 X21n0372_p0457b12
  曰禘秋曰嘗冬日蒸文中略舉秋冬且標祭禮然 166 X21n0372_p0457b13
  三年廬墓四時祭祀據論禮制未必終身今此舉 167 X21n0372_p0457b14
  久況近用顯無功耳雖下二句彰無益上句是縱 168 X21n0372_p0457b15
  謂上二事但可申於己心下句是奪謂不足助於 169 X21n0372_p0457b16
  冥路。 170 X21n0372_p0457b17
 【疏】遂搜索聖賢之教虔求追薦之方得此法門實 171 X21n0372_p0457b18
 為妙行年年僧自恣日四事供養三尊。 172 X21n0372_p0457b19
  【記】初二句敘尋經求法聖賢教不出三藏律唯佛 173 X21n0372_p0457b20
  說經論通弟子諸仙諸天化人等說佛為極聖弟 174 X21n0372_p0457b21
  子則通大小聖賢小則七賢四聖大則三賢十聖 175 X21n0372_p0457b22
  仍列天仙義通凡矣索亦訓求虔敬方法也下四 176 X21n0372_p0457b23
  句明得法稱懷上二句標歎功深下二句略示行 177 X21n0372_p0457b24
  相初中經明目連慈母墮鬼時長惑業既深神通 178 X21n0372_p0457c01
  莫救而乃假一日盆供少頃修崇能使冥途應時 179 X21n0372_p0457c02
  脫苦既彰靈驗可謂神方理絕言思故稱妙行次 180 X21n0372_p0457c03
  示行相即撮下經略示時事四事即房舍衣服飲 181 X21n0372_p0457c04
  食湯藥三尊即目三寶並世所尊。 182 X21n0372_p0457c05
 【疏】宗密依之修崇已歷多載兼講其誥用示未聞。 183 X21n0372_p0457c06
  【記】初二句明設供下二句示講經修崇在己是自 184 X21n0372_p0457c07
  利行講示未聞即利佗行誥謂佛敕即指此經。 185 X21n0372_p0457c08
 【疏】今因歸鄉依日開設道俗耆艾悲喜遵行異口 186 X21n0372_p0457c09
 同音請製新疏。 187 X21n0372_p0457c10
  【記】初二句明歸鄉啟會即唐文宗大和二年徵入 188 X21n0372_p0457c11
  內殿咨問法要尋請歸山(欲還終南)後因眾請入蜀立 189 X21n0372_p0457c12
  先代祖師碑銘由是還鄉適值夏末故云依日等 190 X21n0372_p0457c13
  開謂開講設即設盆次二句示二眾相從道俗之 191 X21n0372_p0457c14
  言通收四部曲禮五十曰艾(髮白如艾)六 192 X21n0372_p0457c15
十曰耆(耆亦老也) 193 X21n0372_p0457c15
  言悲喜者聞父母深恩而懷感愴故所以悲獲酬 194 X21n0372_p0457c16
  報勝法已得遵行故所以喜後二句明製疏緣起 195 X21n0372_p0457c17
  異口謂能請不一同音謂所請無異對古所述故 196 X21n0372_p0457c18
  云新疏即下引三藏云等是也問古既有疏何必 197 X21n0372_p0457c19
  重製答彼文已亡莫知優劣然立今廢古必不徒 198 X21n0372_p0457c20
  然或恐宗途不同或是解釋差謬或浮華而少實 199 X21n0372_p0457c21
  或質野而不文將使適協群機宣流百世故因眾 200 X21n0372_p0457c22
  請乃製斯文。 201 X21n0372_p0457c23
 【疏】心在松柏豈慢鄉閭式允來情發揮要道。 202 X21n0372_p0457c24
  【記】上二句述懷下二句許請松柏即墳墓所植之 203 X21n0372_p0458a01
  樹蓋指物以表父母也鄉閭閭即鄉里之門即指 204 X21n0372_p0458a02
  處以名耆老也式敬允順也發謂為之發起揮謂 205 X21n0372_p0458a03
  使其流布要道與上妙行辭異義同即指此經設 206 X21n0372_p0458a04
  供報親法門以為至要耳。 207 X21n0372_p0458a05
 【疏】稽首三界主大孝釋迦尊累劫報親恩積因成 208 X21n0372_p0458a06
 正覺。 209 X21n0372_p0458a07
  【記】西土此方諸師撰述必先立偈歸敬三寶所以 210 X21n0372_p0458a08
  須者凡有六義一為荷恩故二求加護故三令生 211 X21n0372_p0458a09
  信故四表敬儀故五顯勝故六開眾生佛法僧念 212 X21n0372_p0458a10
  故(出南山戒本疏)然三寶多種化相住持理體一體該涉 213 X21n0372_p0458a11
  大小如別所明且約化相以釋今偈初偈上二字 214 X21n0372_p0458a12
  能敬儀謂將撰疏時先致敬故形表心敬頭頂至 215 X21n0372_p0458a13
  地故曰稽首稽下也又至也三界已下即所敬境 216 X21n0372_p0458a14
  初二句舉名下二句歎德三界是所化之境欲色 217 X21n0372_p0458a15
  無色統及大千佛為化主即經云今此三界皆是 218 X21n0372_p0458a16
  我有其中眾生悉是吾子是也大孝是因行釋迦 219 X21n0372_p0458a17
  尊即果德行雖萬別舉孝統收德雖無量約姓齊 220 X21n0372_p0458a18
  攝釋迦別在教主大孝與尊通於諸佛具云釋迦 221 X21n0372_p0458a19
  牟尼此翻能仁寂默以寂默故不住生死即法身 222 X21n0372_p0458a20
  也以能仁故不住涅槃即報應也歎德中上句釋 223 X21n0372_p0458a21
  上大孝下句釋上釋迦尊累劫且約三祗報恩須 224 X21n0372_p0458a22
  分通別通則六度萬行無非報恩別則在處奉親 225 X21n0372_p0458a23
  皆能盡孝至於成道先度慈親始為摩耶昇天說 226 X21n0372_p0458a24
  法終為淨飯躬自舁棺累劫功成故稱大孝積因 227 X21n0372_p0458b01
  者躡上報親成正覺顯今果滿梵云阿耨多羅三 228 X21n0372_p0458b02
  藐三菩提此云無上正等正覺正以簡邪覺即昭 229 X21n0372_p0458b03
  了覺有二義一者覺察對煩惱障四住如賊唯聖 230 X21n0372_p0458b04
  覺知故二者覺悟對所知障無明如睡唯聖獨悟 231 X21n0372_p0458b05
  故餘廣如後。 232 X21n0372_p0458b06
 【疏】將永錫眾類應請演斯經欲使背恩人咸能酬 233 X21n0372_p0458b07
 罔極。 234 X21n0372_p0458b08
  【記】初句懷機將謂將欲永長也錫即訓賜眾類即 235 X21n0372_p0458b09
  目群生在孝子則遠惡遷善在二親則離苦得樂 236 X21n0372_p0458b10
  凡在群倫莫不承賜即下經云是佛弟子修孝順 237 X21n0372_p0458b11
  者又云令一切難皆離憂苦是也次句設教至聖 238 X21n0372_p0458b12
  立言非緣不發酬目連請故說是經下二句示教 239 X21n0372_p0458b13
  意背恩人通目世間不孝之者且凡負人恩咸須 240 X21n0372_p0458b14
  知報況乎父母生育恩深為儒者苟不能立身揚 241 X21n0372_p0458b15
  名順色承志出家者又不能奉戒修心說法開悟 242 X21n0372_p0458b16
  皆為不孝盡是背恩此教所興正攝斯類酬罔極 243 X21n0372_p0458b17
  者詩云欲報是德昊天罔極言親恩至大猶天之 244 X21n0372_p0458b18
  無盡也。 245 X21n0372_p0458b19
 【疏】我今所讚述願眾聖冥加自佗存沒親離苦常 246 X21n0372_p0458b20
 安樂。 247 X21n0372_p0458b21
  【記】初句敘撰疏讚謂助彼聖教言其志也述謂循 248 X21n0372_p0458b22
  於舊跡示其謙也次句乞加護上申歸敬則唯在 249 X21n0372_p0458b23
  釋尊此求加護則遍祈眾聖豈唯諸佛亦總三乘 250 X21n0372_p0458b24
  言冥加者聖力加物有顯有冥顯謂現睹好相摩 251 X21n0372_p0458c01
  頂放光冥謂潛被功能功成事遂不敢輒祈顯應 252 X21n0372_p0458c02
  故請冥加孤山問曰此經既屬小教何得云諸佛 253 X21n0372_p0458c03
  耶答云小乘諸部宗計不同薩婆多則不說十方 254 X21n0372_p0458c04
  (戒本稽首釋師子故)曇無德則許有諸佛 255 X21n0372_p0458c05
(戒序稽首禮諸佛故)今云 256 X21n0372_p0458c05
  眾聖無違小宗今詳此答凡有三非一者偈中但 257 X21n0372_p0458c06
  云眾聖豈局諸佛二者曇無德部稽首諸佛由此 258 X21n0372_p0458c07
  宗中義通大乘故首標諸佛還依大教那云小宗 259 X21n0372_p0458c08
  許談諸佛三者此經大體全非小乘不究經文但 260 X21n0372_p0458c09
  循舊判強生和會引誤來蒙有智深思幸無自累 261 X21n0372_p0458c10
  下二句立弘誓上句所誓人下句所誓事自佗存 262 X21n0372_p0458c11
  沒是大心拔苦與樂即大行近則出三途苦獲人 263 X21n0372_p0458c12
  天樂遠則脫二死苦得涅槃樂自古科此三偈以 264 X21n0372_p0458c13
  為四段初明致敬二讚所歸三請冥加四發誓願 265 X21n0372_p0458c14
  又云諸論俱歸三寶今但歸於佛者以法是佛言 266 X21n0372_p0458c15
  僧是佛子舉人以攝言明父以包子有人云此之 267 X21n0372_p0458c16
  三偈即對三寶初偈歸佛自可知之次偈演經即 268 X21n0372_p0458c17
  歸法也後偈眾聖豈非僧也今詳古釋所敬雖偏 269 X21n0372_p0458c18
  而分節文相頗有倫貫然此三偈雖有三寶之義 270 X21n0372_p0458c19
  而始末敘事文理相由然非一向專談三寶故今 271 X21n0372_p0458c20
  科釋去取從中三寶具含文義宛順但知稽首兩 272 X21n0372_p0458c21
  字文局在前義須該後最後二句文局於後義必 273 X21n0372_p0458c22
  承前。 274 X21n0372_p0458c23
 【疏】將解此經先開四段一教起所因二藏乘所攝 275 X21n0372_p0458c24
 三辨定宗旨四正解經文。 276 X21n0372_p0459a01
  【記】標分為四初敘教起究其發端次辨藏乘顯其 277 X21n0372_p0459a02
  所屬三定宗旨指其歸趣四解經文釋其名相前 278 X21n0372_p0459a03
  三示總義後一釋別文又初後是能詮中二屬所 279 X21n0372_p0459a04
  詮或可初緣次義三行四文次第相由判釋盡矣。 280 X21n0372_p0459a05
 【疏】初中復分為四一酬宿因故二酬今請故三彰 281 X21n0372_p0459a06
 孝道故四示勝由故。 282 X21n0372_p0459a07
  【記】初科通於諸教下三別在今經初是填願二即 283 X21n0372_p0459a08
  赴感三明行深四顯法要。 284 X21n0372_p0459a09
 【疏】初酬宿因者悉達太子不紹王位捨親去國者 285 X21n0372_p0459a10
 本為修行得道報父母恩然菩薩用心不務專己 286 X21n0372_p0459a11
 故開盂蘭法會以福自佗二親此經所興本意如 287 X21n0372_p0459a12
 此。 288 X21n0372_p0459a13
  【記】初正明此下結示初中又二初敘宿因然下明 289 X21n0372_p0459a14
  酬報悉達此云一切義成即淨飯王之嫡嗣故名 290 X21n0372_p0459a15
  太子不紹王位厭世榮也捨親去國踰城入山也 291 X21n0372_p0459a16
  及乎得道即還本國啟悟父王又昇忉利度脫亡 292 X21n0372_p0459a17
  母即知修道本為報親。 293 X21n0372_p0459a18
 【疏】二酬今請者大目犍連因心之孝欲度父母報 294 X21n0372_p0459a19
 乳哺之恩故出家修行神通第一觀見亡母墮餓 295 X21n0372_p0459a20
 鬼中自救不能白佛求法方陳盆供救母倒懸由 296 X21n0372_p0459a21
 愛其親施及一切故為道俗弟子請佛留此教門 297 X21n0372_p0459a22
 酬目連所問即是說經之由致也。 298 X21n0372_p0459a23
  【記】初正明酬目連下二結示初中即是撮略一經 299 X21n0372_p0459a24
  始終文相如後自釋不勞預解就文為三初是序 300 X21n0372_p0459b01
  分自救下即正宗由愛下即流通天性本有非佗 301 X21n0372_p0459b02
  使然故曰因心方大也施字音異訓移謂移及於 302 X21n0372_p0459b03
  他也。 303 X21n0372_p0459b04
 【疏】三彰孝道者復有其二一通明孝為二教之宗 304 X21n0372_p0459b05
 本二別明二教行之同異。 305 X21n0372_p0459b06
 【疏】初通明中。 306 X21n0372_p0459b07
  【記】通明者對下同異別開科目故。 307 X21n0372_p0459b08
 【疏】且明儒教以孝為本者謂始自天子至於士人 308 X21n0372_p0459b09
 家國相傳皆立宗廟雖五孝之用則別而百行之 309 X21n0372_p0459b10
 源不殊。 310 X21n0372_p0459b11
  【記】初標謂下釋此準孝經尊卑五位總收天下並 311 X21n0372_p0459b12
  須行孝則儒教以孝為本明矣文中兩段初別舉 312 X21n0372_p0459b13
  宗廟以明立廟存祀為尊祖考國家之大事故先 313 X21n0372_p0459b14
  舉此以彰本義家國相傳者國對天子諸侯家對 314 X21n0372_p0459b15
  卿士庶人無廟但收四人按禮記祭法天子立七 315 X21n0372_p0459b16
  廟一考(父也)二王考(祖也)三皇考( 316 X21n0372_p0459b17
曾祖)四顯考(高祖)五祖考 317 X21n0372_p0459b17
  (始祖也上五皆月祭下二祧四時祭)遠廟 318 X21n0372_p0459b18
為祧有二祧(祧即廟之別名即文武廟 319 X21n0372_p0459b18
  也文武遠祖有功特留故謂之祧)諸侯五廟 320 X21n0372_p0459b19
一考二王考三皇考 321 X21n0372_p0459b19
  (皆月祭之)四顯考五祖考(四時祭之) 322 X21n0372_p0459b20
卿大夫三廟一考二王 323 X21n0372_p0459b20
  考三皇考(皆四時祭顯考祖考無廟)士立 324 X21n0372_p0459b21
二廟一考二王考(四時 325 X21n0372_p0459b21
  祭皇考無廟)庶人無廟然此且局周家宗祖故有文武 326 X21n0372_p0459b22
  二祧若據商書云七世之廟可以觀德則知宗廟 327 X21n0372_p0459b23
  自古通規且舉大綱以遣文相寄言後學須究本 328 X21n0372_p0459b24
  宗無勞廣引俗書妄生穿鑿雖下次通約行相以 329 X21n0372_p0459c01
  顯上句明事別下句示心同孝經云愛敬盡於事 330 X21n0372_p0459c02
  親德教加於百姓天子孝也行無危溢長守富貴 331 X21n0372_p0459c03
  能保社稷和其人民諸侯孝也服飾言行皆遵禮 332 X21n0372_p0459c04
  制能守宗廟卿大夫孝也愛敬君父忠順不失能 333 X21n0372_p0459c05
  保祿位守其祭祀士之孝也謹身節用以養父母 334 X21n0372_p0459c06
  庶人孝也此所謂五孝別也百行者趣舉大數源 335 X21n0372_p0459c07
  即是本。 336 X21n0372_p0459c08
 【疏】故開宗明義章中標為至德要道道德以之為 337 X21n0372_p0459c09
 體教法由是而生何有君子而不務本既為天經 338 X21n0372_p0459c10
 地義須令企及俯從雖論禮壞樂崩終呵衣錦食 339 X21n0372_p0459c11
 稻。 340 X21n0372_p0459c12
  【記】初至而生正示本義何有下明在人必行雖論 341 X21n0372_p0459c13
  下明事不可廢初中開宗明義章即孝經首章也 342 X21n0372_p0459c14
  至德要道即目孝行此引仲尼首告曾子之言故 343 X21n0372_p0459c15
  云標也經曰先王(五帝三王)有至德(孝 344 X21n0372_p0459c16
德尊於百行)要道(孝道總於 345 X21n0372_p0459c16
  五常)以順天下(上行)民用和睦上下無 346 X21n0372_p0459c17
怨(下化)道德下二 347 X21n0372_p0459c17
  句亦見此章上句明行本由所依故(體即本也)下句明 348 X21n0372_p0459c18
  教本以從生故經曰夫孝德之本也(疏加道 349 X21n0372_p0459c19
字因上文故)教 350 X21n0372_p0459c19
  之所由生也(先王因孝立言垂訓)次段初 351 X21n0372_p0459c20
二句出論語彼云 352 X21n0372_p0459c20
  君子務本(孝悌)本立而道生(五常百行 353 X21n0372_p0459c21
由成)孝悌也者其為 354 X21n0372_p0459c21
  仁之本歟仁是五常之首孝為仁行之本是知非 355 X21n0372_p0459c22
  孝則仁義道德無所依矣既下一句出孝經三才 356 X21n0372_p0459c23
  章經曰夫孝天之經也地之義也(如上已釋)民之行也 357 X21n0372_p0459c24
  (德之本故)言孝既是天常地利人生天地間固當法而 358 X21n0372_p0460a01
  行之須下一句出禮記彼云曾子謂子思曰(子思伯魚 359 X21n0372_p0460a02
  子孔子孫)伋(伋子思名)吾執親之喪也 360 X21n0372_p0460a03
水漿不入於口者 361 X21n0372_p0460a03
  七日子思曰先王制禮過之者俯而就之(賢者能過當須 362 X21n0372_p0460a04
  下就)不至者跂而及之(常人不至當須跂 363 X21n0372_p0460a05
上使及之跂望也今作企義同)故 364 X21n0372_p0460a05
  君子執親之喪水漿不入於口者三日此明先王 365 X21n0372_p0460a06
  立法通賢不肖則知孝道不擇於人後段中二句 366 X21n0372_p0460a07
  並出論語彼云宰我問(孔子弟子)三年之喪期已久矣 367 X21n0372_p0460a08
  (期謂周年)君子三年不為禮禮必壞三年不為樂樂必 368 X21n0372_p0460a09
  崩(謂周年已久而況三年將恐禮壞樂崩故 369 X21n0372_p0460a10
也)子曰食夫稻衣夫錦於 370 X21n0372_p0460a10
  汝安乎(食音嗣衣去呼)曰定(宰我答也 371 X21n0372_p0460a11
)子曰汝安則為之夫君 372 X21n0372_p0460a11
  子之居喪食旨不甘(旨美也)聞樂不樂居處不安故 373 X21n0372_p0460a12
  不為也今汝安則為之(再言者責之深)雖論謂宰我申問 374 X21n0372_p0460a13
  終呵即孔子重責。 375 X21n0372_p0460a14
 【疏】甚哉孝之大也聖人之德又何以加於孝乎。 376 X21n0372_p0460a15
  【記】三句並孝經初句出三才章曾子聞上五孝故 377 X21n0372_p0460a16
  驚而歎之今用彼語總結前文下二句出聖治章 378 X21n0372_p0460a17
  經曰夫聖人之德又何以加於孝乎(聖德不 379 X21n0372_p0460a18
加大可知矣)。 380 X21n0372_p0460a18
 【疏】次釋教以孝為本者然一切諸佛皆有真化二 381 X21n0372_p0460a19
 身釋迦化身說隨機權教舍那真身說究竟實教 382 X21n0372_p0460a20
 教者經律也經詮理智律詮德行。 383 X21n0372_p0460a21
  【記】初句標然下釋初二句通舉釋迦下別示真身 384 X21n0372_p0460a22
  即報化身即應若約三身即真中兼法若論四身 385 X21n0372_p0460a23
  即化中分應或處說生法二身生即是應法中含 386 X21n0372_p0460a24
  報若離若合隨宜不定古今用與各據宗途無以 387 X21n0372_p0460b01
  己宗校佗同異隨機權教總收鹿苑鶴林一代時 388 X21n0372_p0460b02
  經究竟實教唯局華嚴一部然此且據賢首一家 389 X21n0372_p0460b03
  所判耳(孤山更收圓覺勝鬘此乃化身所說 390 X21n0372_p0460b04
還屬隨機)舍那者具云盧舍 391 X21n0372_p0460b04
  那此翻滿淨滿謂果圓淨即障盡教者下總釋教 392 X21n0372_p0460b05
  義權教經律各有大小經則可知二部五部是小 393 X21n0372_p0460b06
  乘律善戒瓔珞即大乘律實教純一大乘經是華 394 X21n0372_p0460b07
  嚴律即梵網理智即定慧德行即戒業真化二身 395 X21n0372_p0460b08
  權實兩教並推孝道則知釋教宗孝明矣。 396 X21n0372_p0460b09
 【疏】故我盧舍那佛最初成正覺時便說華嚴大經 397 X21n0372_p0460b10
 菩薩大戒戒雖萬行以孝為宗故初標云爾時釋 398 X21n0372_p0460b11
 迦牟尼佛初坐菩提樹下成無上正覺初結菩薩 399 X21n0372_p0460b12
 波羅提木叉孝順父母師僧三寶孝順至道之法 400 X21n0372_p0460b13
 (亦同孔聖云至德要道)孝名為戒亦名制止。 401 X21n0372_p0460b14
  【記】真身實教則梵網為最先化身權教則涅槃為 402 X21n0372_p0460b15
  終極故引初後攝盡中間初料為二初懸敘說華 403 X21n0372_p0460b16
  嚴者總舉大部也菩薩戒者別舉最初也故下引 404 X21n0372_p0460b17
  示為四初標化主問舍那真身而云釋迦者答一 405 X21n0372_p0460b18
  以化身從舍那傳來故二謂釋迦即是舍那故戒 406 X21n0372_p0460b19
  經偈云如是千百億盧舍那本身是也二標處所 407 X21n0372_p0460b20
  謂坐菩提樹樹下得道因名道樹(亦名覺樹)三明得道 408 X21n0372_p0460b21
  謂成正覺四出所結法謂菩薩波羅提木叉此云 409 X21n0372_p0460b22
  別別解脫就第四中復有四初標所結名即是木 410 X21n0372_p0460b23
  叉二能成勝因即孝順父母等三位六別父母生 411 X21n0372_p0460b24
  育恩師僧法乳恩三寶度脫恩此謂重恩下云六 412 X21n0372_p0460c01
  道眾生皆是我父母則於一切通須孝順三明能 413 X21n0372_p0460c02
  得勝果謂至道法(注中會通儒釋語同行別 414 X21n0372_p0460c03
)四結名字(上並依天台疏 415 X21n0372_p0460c03
  分節)孝名戒者以菩薩戒無非順物皆孝行故名制 416 X21n0372_p0460c04
  止者於眾生上斷諸惡故。 417 X21n0372_p0460c05
 【疏】涅槃云奇哉父母生育我等受大苦惱滿足十 418 X21n0372_p0460c06
 月惱抱我身既生之後推乾就濕除去不淨大小 419 X21n0372_p0460c07
 便利乳哺長養將護我身以是義故當須報恩隨 420 X21n0372_p0460c08
 順供養。 421 X21n0372_p0460c09
  【記】初敘恩以是下勸報初中上三句通標苦惱滿 422 X21n0372_p0460c10
  下別列苦相阿難問經說識託母胎凡經三十八 423 X21n0372_p0460c11
  箇七日每七一日各有一風吹令變易(名為一轉)計三 424 X21n0372_p0460c12
  十八箇七日總二百六十六日成九箇月(五 425 X21n0372_p0460c13
大四小故少四日) 426 X21n0372_p0460c13
  又準五王經自此已前與母同氣爾後四日將欲 427 X21n0372_p0460c14
  趣產與母別氣則九月四日涉於十月今云滿足 428 X21n0372_p0460c15
  且論月滿然人受胎長短不定如羅云六年生死 429 X21n0372_p0460c16
  苦比丘六十年(即脅尊者)老聃八十年亦有五七月者 430 X21n0372_p0460c17
  故知十月多分為言。 431 X21n0372_p0460c18
 【疏】上通明二教以孝為本竟。 432 X21n0372_p0460c19
 【疏】次別明二教行孝之同異者於中初明其異後 433 X21n0372_p0460c20
 顯其同。 434 X21n0372_p0460c21
  【記】大論二教在事皆異論心並同故初明異不妨 435 X21n0372_p0460c22
  自同及後明同還須見異顯儒釋之優劣彰事用 436 X21n0372_p0460c23
  之淺深欲使儒流歸心釋典故也。 437 X21n0372_p0460c24
 【疏】初謂生前侍養異後謂沒後追思異。 438 X21n0372_p0461a01
 【疏】侍養異者儒宗則慎護髮膚揚名後代故樂春 439 X21n0372_p0461a02
 不出曾子開衾釋教則祝髮壞衣法資現世故優 440 X21n0372_p0461a03
 陀通信淨藏迴邪是謂為善不同同歸于孝。 441 X21n0372_p0461a04
  【記】初總標二別釋又為二先儒後釋已後諸條分 442 X21n0372_p0461a05
  文皆爾是謂下後結示儒宗初二句出孝經經曰 443 X21n0372_p0461a06
  身體髮膚受之父母不敢毀傷孝之始也立身行 444 X21n0372_p0461a07
  道揚名於後世以顯父母孝之終也樂春者禮記 445 X21n0372_p0461a08
  云樂正子春(為樂長名子春)下堂而傷其足數月不出猶 446 X21n0372_p0461a09
  有憂色弟子問其故答曰吾聞諸曾子曾子聞諸 447 X21n0372_p0461a10
  夫子曰天之所生地之所養唯人為大父母全而 448 X21n0372_p0461a11
  生之子則全而歸之可謂孝矣不虧其體不辱其 449 X21n0372_p0461a12
  身可謂全矣君子頃(音跬半步也)步之間而不敢忘孝 450 X21n0372_p0461a13
  也是以有憂色曾子開衾論語云曾子有疾召門弟 451 X21n0372_p0461a14
  子曰啟予足啟予手(開衾使視其體衾即被 452 X21n0372_p0461a15
也)詩云戰戰兢兢 453 X21n0372_p0461a15
  如臨深淵如履薄冰而今而後吾知免夫(言今將死免傷 454 X21n0372_p0461a16
  於體)釋教中祝髮祝即訓斷謂斷絕也壞衣青黑木 455 X21n0372_p0461a17
  蘭三如法色如物故壞不同世俗五方正間故也 456 X21n0372_p0461a18
  法資現世謂說法開悟令歸三寶優陀者普耀經 457 X21n0372_p0461a19
  云佛告優陀(即佛弟子)我初出家與父母誓若得佛道 458 X21n0372_p0461a20
  還度父母今已得佛必當還國汝以神足變現迦 459 X21n0372_p0461a21
  維羅衛令信吾身已成大道優陀奉教化現多瑞 460 X21n0372_p0461a22
  父乃信佛道果已成(所謂通信也)王問如來幾時還國 461 X21n0372_p0461a23
  優陀即答七日後來王喜嚴路合國欣仰時佛領 462 X21n0372_p0461a24
  四眾八部歸國入宮受王供養說法化導王得道 463 X21n0372_p0461b01
  證(初果)一切親族皆受戒法(此說如來 464 X21n0372_p0461b02
報親優陀但是傳信)淨藏迴 465 X21n0372_p0461b02
  邪即法華經妙莊嚴王夫人名淨德有二子一名 466 X21n0372_p0461b03
  淨藏二名淨眼其父信受外道婆羅門法二子現 467 X21n0372_p0461b04
  種種神變父王心淨信解(所謂迴邪也)共詣宿王華智 468 X21n0372_p0461b05
  佛所發菩提心彼佛即授王記當得作佛號娑羅 469 X21n0372_p0461b06
  樹王於是以國付弟與夫人二子出家修道等(二子 470 X21n0372_p0461b07
  迴邪尚未出家則法資在先祝髮當後)結中 471 X21n0372_p0461b08
上句示異下句顯同尚 472 X21n0372_p0461b08
  書云為善不同同歸乎治為惡不同同歸乎亂今 473 X21n0372_p0461b09
  借而用之。 474 X21n0372_p0461b10
 【疏】沒後異者有其三。 475 X21n0372_p0461b11
 【疏】一居喪異儒則棺槨宅兆安墓留形釋則念誦 476 X21n0372_p0461b12
 追齋薦其去識。 477 X21n0372_p0461b13
  【記】棺槨者周尸曰棺周棺曰槨宅兆即墓穴安墓 478 X21n0372_p0461b14
  謂置於墓中留形謂不使速朽念誦即通佛名經 479 X21n0372_p0461b15
  咒追齋謂追慕修齋去識即神靈所住之處。 480 X21n0372_p0461b16
 【疏】二齋忌異儒則內齋外定想其聲容釋則設供 481 X21n0372_p0461b17
 講經資其業報。 482 X21n0372_p0461b18
  【記】內齋等者儒中凡欲行祭祀先修齋戒禮記祭 483 X21n0372_p0461b19
  義云致齋於內(三日廟中故曰內齋致謂精 484 X21n0372_p0461b20
至)致齋於外(七日廟外靜定 485 X21n0372_p0461b20
  其心故曰外定)齋之日思其居處思其語笑思其志意思 486 X21n0372_p0461b21
  其所樂思其所嗜(所謂想聲容也)設供講經與上念誦追 487 X21n0372_p0461b22
  齋皆一往趣舉隨力修崇不必楷定業報即所生 488 X21n0372_p0461b23
  處。 489 X21n0372_p0461b24
 【疏】三終身異儒則四時殺命春夏秋冬釋則三節 490 X21n0372_p0461c01
 放生(一歲終二夏滿三忌辰隨力所及皆須為 491 X21n0372_p0461c02
父母放生命一七乃至七七之數初七諸七卒哭祥 492 X21n0372_p0461c02
 日然今但滿三年)施戒盆會(此經云云)。 493 X21n0372_p0461c03
  【記】且舉四時須兼月祭三節節即時也註中初示 494 X21n0372_p0461c04
  三節隨力下次教須行一七至七七且約至少更 495 X21n0372_p0461c05
  多為善初七下明餘時卒哭即百日祥日即周年 496 X21n0372_p0461c06
  三年據今至於終身而世中不行故云然今等施 497 X21n0372_p0461c07
  即布施戒謂受戒。 498 X21n0372_p0461c08
 【疏】良由真宗未至周孔且使繫心(愛禮存 499 X21n0372_p0461c09
羊之類)今知理 500 X21n0372_p0461c09
 有所歸不應猶執權教。 501 X21n0372_p0461c10
  【記】殺命祭先違仁垂教欲令儒士咸稟佛言不唯 502 X21n0372_p0461c11
  亡過者脫苦生天抑使生存者懷仁受福初科真 503 X21n0372_p0461c12
  宗即佛教佛出周時教行西竺故云未至至於後 504 X21n0372_p0461c13
  漢始流此方若論祭法出於往古且取文典垂世 505 X21n0372_p0461c14
  故推周公孔子然而周孔皆是大權先制禮法使 506 X21n0372_p0461c15
  人從善然後佛化易可弘通四時祭祀非本聖意 507 X21n0372_p0461c16
  故云且使繫心註引論語證成權意彼云子貢欲 508 X21n0372_p0461c17
  去告明之餼羊(告朔謂月祭生牲曰餼魯自 509 X21n0372_p0461c18
文公不親視朔子貢欲使孔子撤之) 510 X21n0372_p0461c18
  子曰賜也(召子貢名)爾愛其羊(憫其徒 511 X21n0372_p0461c19
死)我愛其禮(於事雖非且欲 512 X21n0372_p0461c19
  不廢告朔之禮此見權暫繫心之意也)上二 513 X21n0372_p0461c20
句出立祭本意下二句 514 X21n0372_p0461c20
  勸捨儒從釋理有歸者放生施戒等必能拔苦故 515 X21n0372_p0461c21
  權教者儒釋相望則儒教為權釋典皆實就釋教 516 X21n0372_p0461c22
  中自分權實如別所明。 517 X21n0372_p0461c23
 【疏】且福之大者莫大於施生是梵釋之本因是天 518 X21n0372_p0461c24
 地之大德今殺彼祭此豈近仁心是若可忍孰不 519 X21n0372_p0462a01
 可忍雖云祈福(月令云九月中氣日在氐命有 520 X21n0372_p0462a02
司合秩芻以養犧牲乃至以祠宗廟之靈 521 X21n0372_p0462a02
 為人祈福)實是立讎自徇虛名殃於神道(故 522 X21n0372_p0462a03
途中有歌哭二類)。 523 X21n0372_p0462a03
  【記】初四句敘放生之德上二句標放生者謂不殺 524 X21n0372_p0462a04
  物命是與其生下二句釋言福無如梵釋論德豈 525 X21n0372_p0462a05
  過天地此二備舉三才復兼兩教梵王修四等則 526 X21n0372_p0462a06
  慈心為首(四等即慈悲喜捨亦名四弘四無 527 X21n0372_p0462a07
量心)帝釋修十善則不 528 X21n0372_p0462a07
  殺居初(十善不殺不盜等)易曰天地之大 529 X21n0372_p0462a08
德曰生(天地以生物為德) 530 X21n0372_p0462a08
  又曰大哉乾元萬物資始天資地成品物全生生 531 X21n0372_p0462a09
  生無極德莫大焉今下次顯行殺之過又二初斥 532 X21n0372_p0462a10
  其違行儒宗以推愛及物為仁今既殺害他命祭 533 X21n0372_p0462a11
  我祖考深乖仁行行既不仁則非君子矣是若等 534 X21n0372_p0462a12
  者謂若此不仁之事尚忍為之則更有何事是不 535 X21n0372_p0462a13
  可忍耶雖下責其妄執初句標所執祈福之言出 536 X21n0372_p0462a14
  禮記月令祈求也註中每月有二氣寒露為九月 537 X21n0372_p0462a15
  節霜降為九月中(二氣之中謂之中氣)日 538 X21n0372_p0462a16
在氐謂太陽躔氐 539 X21n0372_p0462a16
  宿命有司謂掌祭之官合秩芻合聚也秩芻即草 540 X21n0372_p0462a17
  犧牲純色牛羊豕乃至者略中間三句彼云以供 541 X21n0372_p0462a18
  皇天上帝名山大川四方之神次句彰非淨名云 542 X21n0372_p0462a19
  是殺生是殺生報佛說因果報應絲毫不差故云 543 X21n0372_p0462a20
  實也讎謂怨對下二句正責徇循也虛名即祈福 544 X21n0372_p0462a21
  之言神道即祖上幽靈註引事證出譬喻經彼云 545 X21n0372_p0462a22
  餓鬼五百歌舞而行好人五百啼泣而過或有問 546 X21n0372_p0462a23
  佛佛言餓鬼家子孫為其作福當得解脫故歌好 547 X21n0372_p0462a24
  人家子孫唯行殺害將受大苦故哭。 548 X21n0372_p0462b01
 【疏】問若父母生於餘趣則可改祭為齋如墮鬼中 549 X21n0372_p0462b02
 寧無饗祀答黍稷非馨蘋蘩可薦應知礿祭勝於 550 X21n0372_p0462b03
 殺牛況鬼神等差豈皆受饗。 551 X21n0372_p0462b04
  【記】問中以生鬼趣容受饗祀若令改祭則非考誠 552 X21n0372_p0462b05
  答中有二初明行祭在誠宜用蔬素替之不必殺 553 X21n0372_p0462b06
  命初句出尚書武王命君陳曰(君陳臣名)我聞至治馨 554 X21n0372_p0462b07
  香感于神明黍稷非馨明德惟馨(鬼神享德 555 X21n0372_p0462b08
而不享物)次句 556 X21n0372_p0462b08
  出左傳文云苟有明信澗溪沼沚之毛(苔草)蘋蘩蘊 557 X21n0372_p0462b09
  藻之菜(蘋即大萍蘩即是蒿薀音溫節中生 558 X21n0372_p0462b10
菜藻即水藻)筐筥錡釜之器 559 X21n0372_p0462b10
  (方筐圓筥無足釜有足錡筥音舉錡音蟻) 560 X21n0372_p0462b11
潢汙行潦之水(潢音黃汙音烏停水也潦音老 561 X21n0372_p0462b11
  行跡水也)可薦於鬼神(祭祀)可羞於王 562 X21n0372_p0462b12
公(羞謂進獻)應下二句 563 X21n0372_p0462b12
  出周易文曰東降殺牛(殷紂厚祭)不如西鄰之禴祭實 564 X21n0372_p0462b13
  受其福(西伯文王薄祭祭祀尚德故厚不如 565 X21n0372_p0462b14
薄)況下二明鬼趣不同 566 X21n0372_p0462b14
  不必皆饗且用蔬素亦可表心矣下明三品九類 567 X21n0372_p0462b15
  唯多財鬼有食可噉又中含云人死祭祝者若生 568 X21n0372_p0462b16
  入處餓鬼中者得食餘趣不得由各有活命故(入處 569 X21n0372_p0462b17
  鬼者鬼中別類之名)。 570 X21n0372_p0462b18
 【疏】上明異竟。 571 X21n0372_p0462b19
 【疏】次顯其同者復有二初明存沒同後明罪福同。 572 X21n0372_p0462b20
 【疏】今初約紀孝行章中五句之文以辨其同即攝 573 X21n0372_p0462b21
 於生前沒後也。 574 X21n0372_p0462b22
  【記】紀孝行章即孝經第十章五句中前三攝生前 575 X21n0372_p0462b23
  後二屬沒後。 576 X21n0372_p0462b24
 【疏】一云居則致其敬者儒則別於犬馬釋則舉身 577 X21n0372_p0462c01
 七多。 578 X21n0372_p0462c02
  【記】居謂平居之時儒中別犬馬者論語云子游問 579 X21n0372_p0462c03
  孝子曰今之孝者是謂能養(衣食直養)至於犬馬皆能 580 X21n0372_p0462c04
  有養(養通餘類)不敬何以別乎(養親不 581 X21n0372_p0462c05
敬則與養餘類無以簡別)釋中 582 X21n0372_p0462c05
  即佛初成道還本國時淨飯王嚴駕出迎見佛作 583 X21n0372_p0462c06
  禮佛即踊身虛空高七多羅樹(一多羅高七 584 X21n0372_p0462c07
仞一仞七尺合數可見) 585 X21n0372_p0462c07
  禮訖下地發言起居等佛為世間慈父猶故敬親 586 X21n0372_p0462c08
  不正受禮意使將來以此為法。 587 X21n0372_p0462c09
 【疏】二養則致其樂者儒則怡聲下氣溫清定省等 588 X21n0372_p0462c10
 也故有扇床溫席之流釋則節量信毀分減衣缽 589 X21n0372_p0462c11
 等也故有割肉充飢之類(須闍太子)。 590 X21n0372_p0462c12
  【記】儒中曲禮云父母有過下氣怡聲以諫之又云 591 X21n0372_p0462c13
  凡為人子之禮冬溫而夏清(溫帝扇床清音 592 X21n0372_p0462c14
倩涼也)昏定而 593 X21n0372_p0462c14
  晨省(定衾枕省安居)故下舉事東觀漢記云黃香孝廉無 594 X21n0372_p0462c15
  婢僕躬執勤勞竭力侍養暑則扇床枕寒則以身 595 X21n0372_p0462c16
  溫席釋中節謂節約量即觀量信毀謂信與不信 596 X21n0372_p0462c17
  僧祇律云父母不信三寶即少供信即恣與減衣 597 X21n0372_p0462c18
  缽者若三衣一缽理無與俗或恐字誤合云衣食 598 X21n0372_p0462c19
  然今世俗謂僧長物以為衣缽或恐疏主隨俗為 599 X21n0372_p0462c20
  言此謂貧乏故須分減必自富足不須強與施物 600 X21n0372_p0462c21
  難消反成罪累割肉充飢大報恩經云須闍太子 601 X21n0372_p0462c22
  父母被賊所篡逃逝外國失路絕糧乃割己肉供 602 X21n0372_p0462c23
  須父母令達前路。 603 X21n0372_p0462c24
 【疏】三病則致其憂者儒中如文帝先嘗湯藥武王 604 X21n0372_p0463a01
 不脫冠帶釋中如太子以肉為藥高僧以身而擔。 605 X21n0372_p0463a02
  【記】儒中漢書云文帝母疾病踰年文帝目不睫不 606 X21n0372_p0463a03
  解衣冠湯藥不嘗不進禮記云文王有疾武王不 607 X21n0372_p0463a04
  脫衣冠而養文王一飯亦一飯文王再飯亦再飯 608 X21n0372_p0463a05
  旬有二日乃間(間謂病差)釋中大報恩經云忍辱太子父 609 X21n0372_p0463a06
  母病重毉者云須不瞋人肉為藥太子自念生來 610 X21n0372_p0463a07
  不瞋因名忍辱可充此藥又念國中設有不瞋者 611 X21n0372_p0463a08
  如何取彼救我親乎遂自割肉充藥厥疾乃瘳(音抽) 612 X21n0372_p0463a09
  唐僧傳云高齋道紀往必荷擔不恥微行經書塔 613 X21n0372_p0463a10
  像為一頭老母掃帚為一頭齊佛境內有塔斯掃 614 X21n0372_p0463a11
  每語人曰經不云乎掃僧地如閻浮不如佛地一 615 X21n0372_p0463a12
  掌者由智田勝也親供母者福與登地菩薩齊也 616 X21n0372_p0463a13
  至於便利女人經理不許人兼或有助者紀曰母 617 X21n0372_p0463a14
  吾母也非他之母形骸之累並吾身也有身必有 618 X21n0372_p0463a15
  苦何得以苦勞人所以身為苦先幸勿相助。 619 X21n0372_p0463a16
 【疏】四喪則致其哀者儒有武丁不言子皋泣血釋 620 X21n0372_p0463a17
 有目連大呼調御舁棺(於儒禮雖不同而亦哀有餘也)。 621 X21n0372_p0463a18
  【記】儒中武丁殷高宗名論語子張問曰高宗諒陰 622 X21n0372_p0463a19
  三年不言何謂也(信任百官陰默三年)子 623 X21n0372_p0463a20
曰何必高宗古之 624 X21n0372_p0463a20
  人皆然子皋即高柴禮記云高子皋執親之喪也 625 X21n0372_p0463a21
  泣血三年(泣無聲如血下)未嘗見齒(少 626 X21n0372_p0463a22
言笑故)釋中目連緣如 627 X21n0372_p0463a22
  後釋調御即佛通號對舉曰舁增一阿含經云淨 628 X21n0372_p0463a23
  飯王崩白﹝(疊-且+(彖-(豕-一)))*毛﹞棺殮佛與難陀在前阿難羅云在後 629 X21n0372_p0463a24
  難陀白佛父王養我願聽擔棺阿難羅云亦爾佛 630 X21n0372_p0463b01
  念當來兇暴不報父母故躬自擔棺大千六反震 631 X21n0372_p0463b02
  動釋梵諸天皆來赴喪代佛擔之佛執香鑪前引 632 X21n0372_p0463b03
  就山註中以此門明同而引事全別故特點之上 633 X21n0372_p0463b04
  句示事異下句明哀同而哀又過之故云有餘後 634 X21n0372_p0463b05
  註亦然準前三句例須通會儒釋事別敬樂憂同。 635 X21n0372_p0463b06
 【疏】五祭則致其嚴者儒有薦筍釋有餉飯之類也 636 X21n0372_p0463b07
 (嚴雖有異祭意大同)。 637 X21n0372_p0463b08
  【記】嚴謂精嚴儒中孝德傳云西晉孟宗為郎中母 638 X21n0372_p0463b09
  喪委官而歸母性嗜筍宗每當時供奉母亡後冬 639 X21n0372_p0463b10
  至欲以筍祭乃入竹園哀告天地乃得以薦之餉 640 X21n0372_p0463b11
  飯即目連事如下引餉猶獻也。 641 X21n0372_p0463b12
 【疏】以至教未來難弘報應故先且立於祭法令敬 642 X21n0372_p0463b13
 事於神靈。 643 X21n0372_p0463b14
  【記】至教即佛法報應即三世因果言且立者示權 644 X21n0372_p0463b15
  義也。 645 X21n0372_p0463b16
 【疏】神靈則父母之識性是顯祖考之常存既形滅 646 X21n0372_p0463b17
 而神不滅豈厚形而薄神乎餘如前辨。 647 X21n0372_p0463b18
  【記】上二句會異前引月令云四方之神宗廟之靈 648 X21n0372_p0463b19
  儒謂神靈即佛教識性靈識不滅所謂常存下二 649 X21n0372_p0463b20
  句反責儒教尚形生事死葬及祭等禮皆為重形 650 X21n0372_p0463b21
  言厚形者謂但行祭祀言薄神者謂不嚴去識若 651 X21n0372_p0463b22
  稟佛教則厚神而薄形矣形同朽木不足可貴神 652 X21n0372_p0463b23
  是心靈特須濟拔下句指前即明異中。 653 X21n0372_p0463b24
 【疏】上來存沒同竟。 654 X21n0372_p0463c01
 【疏】次辨罪福同。 655 X21n0372_p0463c02
 【疏】罪同者儒則條越五刑犯當五擿而恩赦不該 656 X21n0372_p0463c03
 釋則名標七逆戒黜七遮而阿鼻定入。 657 X21n0372_p0463c04
  【記】儒中五刑者墨(墨額)劓(魚器反 658 X21n0372_p0463c05
截鼻)剕(音費截腳)宮(男去勢女幽閉) 659 X21n0372_p0463c05
  大辟(音闢死也)此古五刑笞杖徒流死為今五刑古今 660 X21n0372_p0463c06
  雖殊而五逆罪不在其內故云條越孝經云五刑 661 X21n0372_p0463c07
  之屬三千而罪莫大於不孝(言在五刑之外)五擿以五車 662 X21n0372_p0463c08
  繫五體縱橫裂之三十國春秋云池湯用妻言將 663 X21n0372_p0463c09
  母於山中殺之秦王聞令以五車殺之恩赦不該 664 X21n0372_p0463c10
  者縱有大赦必先除五逆例不該赦赦即放也釋 665 X21n0372_p0463c11
  中小乘五逆殺父害母殺阿羅漢出佛身血破和 666 X21n0372_p0463c12
  合僧大乘更加殺和尚闍黎名為七逆(梵網中殺聖人即殺 667 X21n0372_p0463c13
  阿羅漢也)戒黜者謂七逆之人戒法簡退並是戒障故 668 X21n0372_p0463c14
  名七遮梵網云若有七遮者師不應與受戒無者 669 X21n0372_p0463c15
  得受觀佛相好經說犯逆為阿鼻因阿鼻此翻無 670 X21n0372_p0463c16
  間涅槃云間無暫樂故云無間又一人獨墮此獄 671 X21n0372_p0463c17
  身遍獄中間無空處(其獄四方交過通徹八 672 X21n0372_p0463c18
萬由旬身與獄等不相彰礙)。 673 X21n0372_p0463c18
 【疏】福同者儒則旌於門閭上天之報釋則瑩於戒 674 X21n0372_p0463c19
 德淨土之因(如觀經說當修三福一孝養父母 675 X21n0372_p0463c20
等乃至此三種業是三世諸佛淨土正 676 X21n0372_p0463c20
 因)。 677 X21n0372_p0463c21
  【記】儒中國家凡於州縣有行孝者即賜旌表榜其 678 X21n0372_p0463c22
  門閭斯亦勸獎之意上天報者以釋校儒盡誠行 679 X21n0372_p0463c23
  孝必得生天上句現福下句來報(舊謂舜行 680 X21n0372_p0463c24
孝堯以二女妻之等 681 X21n0372_p0463c24
  為上天報者非對下釋教於義頗疏)釋中瑩 682 X21n0372_p0464a01
戒德者孝名為戒行孝 683 X21n0372_p0464a01
  則戒德清白註中文略應從父母字下接云奉事 684 X21n0372_p0464a02
  師長慈心不殺修十善業二者受持三歸具足眾 685 X21n0372_p0464a03
  戒不犯威儀三者發菩提心深信因果讀誦大乘 686 X21n0372_p0464a04
  勸進行者如是三事名為淨業餘如註引。 687 X21n0372_p0464a05
 【疏】上來總彰孝道竟。 688 X21n0372_p0464a06
 【疏】次當第四示勝田者。 689 X21n0372_p0464a07
 【疏】喻如世間人欲得倉廩中五穀豐盈歲歲不乏 690 X21n0372_p0464a08
 者必須取穀麥種子以牛犁耕於田地而種之不 691 X21n0372_p0464a09
 種則竭盡也。 692 X21n0372_p0464a10
  【記】舉喻可解五穀謂麻黍稷麥荳也。 693 X21n0372_p0464a11
 【疏】法中亦爾以悲心敬心孝心為種子以衣食財 694 X21n0372_p0464a12
 帛身命為牛犁以貧病三寶父母為田地。 695 X21n0372_p0464a13
  【記】悲心對貧病悲田敬心對下三寶敬田孝心對 696 X21n0372_p0464a14
  下父母恩田衣食為外財身命為內財。 697 X21n0372_p0464a15
 【疏】有佛弟子欲得藏識中百福莊嚴生生無盡者 698 X21n0372_p0464a16
 須運悲敬孝心將衣食財帛身命敬養供給於貧 699 X21n0372_p0464a17
 病三寶父母名為種福也不種即貧窮無福慧入 700 X21n0372_p0464a18
 生死險道謂種福之田如種穀之田名為福田也。 701 X21n0372_p0464a19
  【記】佛弟子合上世人藏識合倉廩等須運下合上 702 X21n0372_p0464a20
  取種子等不下合上竭盡謂下示名上云三田皆 703 X21n0372_p0464a21
  可種福通號福田福田之名法喻合舉。 704 X21n0372_p0464a22
 【疏】然種子有精新乾焦田有肥濃確瘦如悲敬孝 705 X21n0372_p0464a23
 心有懇切閑慢貧有淺深病有輕重佛有真化化 706 X21n0372_p0464a24
 有住世入滅法有小大教有權實僧有持毀父母 707 X21n0372_p0464b01
 有所生七世一一配肥瘦之田昭然可見。 708 X21n0372_p0464b02
  【記】初舉喻確瘦謂瘠薄之地如下配法初配種子 709 X21n0372_p0464b03
  懇切如精新閑慢如乾焦貧下二配田地有三初 710 X21n0372_p0464b04
  配悲田淺輕如瘦深重如肥佛下配敬田佛則真 711 X21n0372_p0464b05
  住為濃化滅為瘦法則權小為瘦實大為肥僧則 712 X21n0372_p0464b06
  毀戒為瘦持奉為肥父母下配恩田所生為肥七 713 X21n0372_p0464b07
  世為瘦。 714 X21n0372_p0464b08
 【疏】今盂蘭供會具三種肥田故云勝也謂佛歡喜 715 X21n0372_p0464b09
 日供養自恣淨戒大德敬田勝也報父母恩恩田 716 X21n0372_p0464b10
 勝也父母在厄難中悲田勝也為欲示此勝田故 717 X21n0372_p0464b11
 說此經。 718 X21n0372_p0464b12
  【記】初總標謂下別示敬田中佛歡喜是佛寶自恣 719 X21n0372_p0464b13
  是法寶淨戒大德是僧寶恩田是今正宗悲田本 720 X21n0372_p0464b14
  濟貧病今舉厄難以意取之即下經云當為七世 721 X21n0372_p0464b15
  現世父母厄難中者是也為下結顯。 722 X21n0372_p0464b16
 【疏】第二藏乘所攝者藏謂三藏乘謂五乘。 723 X21n0372_p0464b17
  【記】藏能含蘊乘能運載故以比焉三藏約教五乘 724 X21n0372_p0464b18
  約行。 725 X21n0372_p0464b19
 【疏】三藏者。 726 X21n0372_p0464b20
 【疏】一修多羅此云契經契者契理契機經者佛地 727 X21n0372_p0464b21
 論云貫攝為義謂貫穿所應知義攝持所化眾生 728 X21n0372_p0464b22
 故此教於三學中詮於定學。 729 X21n0372_p0464b23
  【記】初翻名亦名修妒路契者下次釋義初釋契義 730 X21n0372_p0464b24
  契理者皆如實故契機者能隨宜故契即合也次 731 X21n0372_p0464c01
  釋經義論中貫穿義者持於名理也攝持眾生者 732 X21n0372_p0464c02
  被於物機也此下結判詮即顯也。 733 X21n0372_p0464c03
 【疏】二毗奈耶此云調伏調謂調練三業伏謂制伏 734 X21n0372_p0464c04
 過非此教詮於戒學。 735 X21n0372_p0464c05
  【記】翻名釋義並據一端亦云毗那耶毗尼等古翻 736 X21n0372_p0464c06
  為滅正翻為律調練對治是作持行制伏離過即 737 X21n0372_p0464c07
  止持行。 738 X21n0372_p0464c08
 【疏】三阿毗達磨此云對法法謂涅槃四諦對謂對 739 X21n0372_p0464c09
 向對觀其能對者即無漏慧此教詮於慧學。 740 X21n0372_p0464c10
  【記】初翻名亦云阿毗曇法謂下釋義涅槃是所向 741 X21n0372_p0464c11
  果四諦即所觀理二皆屬境對向配涅槃對觀配 742 X21n0372_p0464c12
  四諦二並屬智無漏慧者初果已去斷惑智也。 743 X21n0372_p0464c13
 【疏】然經是化教開誘化導也律是制教制約行業 744 X21n0372_p0464c14
 也論則推徵解釋。 745 X21n0372_p0464c15
  【記】開誘化導者但開信解任物違從制約行業者 746 X21n0372_p0464c16
  必使修持不容違背論中推徵解釋該上化制經 747 X21n0372_p0464c17
  律各局論則兩通。 748 X21n0372_p0464c18
 【疏】今此盂蘭盆據其名題即化教所攝屬於經藏 749 X21n0372_p0465a01
 據其義意亦制教攝屬於律藏(制比丘等年年 750 X21n0372_p0465a02
自恣日行此法故)。 751 X21n0372_p0465a02
  【記】據名題者題云經故據義意者如註顯故今詳 752 X21n0372_p0465a03
  後判誠所未安且約藏攝經要知所屬若依兩判 753 X21n0372_p0465a04
  未審此經定屬何藏一不可也又題標經義義必 754 X21n0372_p0465a05
  應題若謂據題屬經據義屬律是則題與義別兩 755 X21n0372_p0465a06
  不相應二不可也又經中但云行慈孝者皆應先 756 X21n0372_p0465a07
  為父母作盂蘭盆又云是佛弟子修孝順者應念 757 X21n0372_p0465a08
  念中常憶父母為作盂蘭盆等此乃通途勸導正 758 X21n0372_p0465a09
  是化義何嘗定制比丘等年年行耶三不可也又 759 X21n0372_p0465a10
  南山云化教通於道俗行教唯局內眾(即制教也)準下 760 X21n0372_p0465a11
  具列國王太子百官萬民通明道俗非專內眾四 761 X21n0372_p0465a12
  不可也又下疏云制令必為不為即是違制且律 762 X21n0372_p0465a13
  明違制必須結犯今不行蘭盆為結何罪五不可 763 X21n0372_p0465a14
  也此由不達化制遂致乖疏義學存公無宜執舊。 764 X21n0372_p0465a15
 【疏】五乘者乘以運載為名五謂人天聲聞緣覺菩 765 X21n0372_p0465a16
 薩此五力有大小載有遠近。 766 X21n0372_p0465a17
  【記】初示名五下列位人乘力小載近菩薩力大載 767 X21n0372_p0465a18
  遠中間三位望前則大遠望後則少近菩薩乘者 768 X21n0372_p0465a19
  從此因名云佛乘則從果號。 769 X21n0372_p0465a20
 【疏】一人乘謂三歸五戒運載眾生越於三塗生於 770 X21n0372_p0465a21
 人道其猶小艇過溪澗。 771 X21n0372_p0465a22
  【記】初標二釋釋中先法後喻法中有所乘法所越 772 X21n0372_p0465a23
  境所感報下三例此分之三歸則從師作法歸投 773 X21n0372_p0465a24
  三寶五戒謂不殺不盜不邪淫不妄語不飲酒纔 774 X21n0372_p0465b01
  猶略也。 775 X21n0372_p0465b02
 【疏】二天乘謂上品十善及四禪八定運載眾生越 776 X21n0372_p0465b03
 於四洲達於上界如次﹝舟*公﹞越小江河。 777 X21n0372_p0465b04
  【記】十善分三品下品修羅中品生人上品生欲界 778 X21n0372_p0465b05
  天四禪別舉色界異上界故八定總色無色俱不 779 X21n0372_p0465b06
  動業故四洲欲界下地是所越境上界通指三天 780 X21n0372_p0465b07
  即所感報若第論所越則十善越四洲四禪越欲 781 X21n0372_p0465b08
  有四空越色有。 782 X21n0372_p0465b09
 【疏】三聲聞乘謂四諦法門四緣覺乘謂十二因緣 783 X21n0372_p0465b10
 法門皆運載眾生越於三界到有餘無餘涅槃成 784 X21n0372_p0465b11
 阿羅漢及辟支佛皆如大船越大江河。 785 X21n0372_p0465b12
  【記】聲聞緣覺乘法雖殊所越所到二皆無異故合 786 X21n0372_p0465b13
  明之結惑已盡若依身在名有餘涅槃化火焚身 787 X21n0372_p0465b14
  身智俱亡名無餘涅槃。 788 X21n0372_p0465b15
 【疏】五菩薩乘謂悲智六度法門運載眾生總超三 789 X21n0372_p0465b16
 界三乘之境至無上菩提大般涅槃之彼岸如乘 790 X21n0372_p0465b17
 舶過海。 791 X21n0372_p0465b18
  【記】下化故悲上求故智施戒進忍禪智為六修此 792 X21n0372_p0465b19
  六法能至彼岸故云六度越三界出分段也越三 793 X21n0372_p0465b20
  乘出變易也菩提涅槃即佛果菩提翻覺揀二乘 794 X21n0372_p0465b21
  自覺菩薩未滿故云無上涅槃翻寂滅揀前小乘 795 X21n0372_p0465b22
  故云大也舶大船也。 796 X21n0372_p0465b23
 【疏】今此經者是人天乘所攝在小乘藏中。 797 X21n0372_p0465b24
  【記】圭峰判釋依賢首宗彼立小乘有二一者人天 798 X21n0372_p0465c01
  二即二乘此經猶非小乘但攝屬小乘耳今應問 799 X21n0372_p0465c02
  曰如此判經為從何義(孤山云約所救人說 800 X21n0372_p0465c03
)若謂目連母脫 801 X21n0372_p0465c03
  苦生天而云人天者且目連母亦止生天那得兼 802 X21n0372_p0465c04
  人又生天之語遍諸大乘如法華云書寫是經命 803 X21n0372_p0465c05
  終當生忉利天上受持讀誦即往兜率天等又梵 804 X21n0372_p0465c06
  網云講說菩薩戒福資亡者生人天上又云受持 805 X21n0372_p0465c07
  菩薩戒者常生人道天中等即應皆屬人天教耶 806 X21n0372_p0465c08
  又上所明人天兩乘行果全別如何一混而云人 807 X21n0372_p0465c09
  天既云攝教須定所歸畢竟此經為歸何攝又彰 808 X21n0372_p0465c10
  孝道中引華嚴涅槃對明釋教以孝為本既引圓 809 X21n0372_p0465c11
  頓終窮了義而彰孝道如何判教止在人天又歸 810 X21n0372_p0465c12
  敬偈云累劫報親恩積因成正覺則顯孝行深通 811 X21n0372_p0465c13
  佛乘及乎判經而云人天豈非前後自相違耶又 812 X21n0372_p0465c14
  孤山記中釋歸敬偈則明同體三寶乃云真如性 813 X21n0372_p0465c15
  中有覺了軌持和合義故又釋離苦安樂乃云得 814 X21n0372_p0465c16
  無上菩提大涅槃常樂我淨四德之樂又釋主成 815 X21n0372_p0465c17
  就即云了迷即真而妄菩提即煩惱故了悟即妄 816 X21n0372_p0465c18
  而真煩惱即菩提故又釋異熟果即明八識真異 817 X21n0372_p0465c19
  熟等既用大乘名義釋上諸文則不當判為人天 818 X21n0372_p0465c20
  小教既約人天小教判此一經則不當用大乘名 819 X21n0372_p0465c21
  義釋上諸文又釋十地大人權現乃云即同法華 820 X21n0372_p0465c22
  內秘菩薩外現聲聞仍自問云今經與法華何別 821 X21n0372_p0465c23
  既以此經判屬人天那將法華挍其同別是知疏 822 X21n0372_p0465c24
  記宗途紊亂始末差訛歷代同迷莫知體究且夫 823 X21n0372_p0466a01
  人天為教唯被極鈍之機令脫三途容可受道未 824 X21n0372_p0466a02
  免生死非佛本懷是故天台四教不列人天南山 825 X21n0372_p0466a03
  二疏唯存聖道乃曰為道制戒本非世福天主人 826 X21n0372_p0466a04
  王咸興有教佛還說有則與凡同等請尋祖訓深 827 X21n0372_p0466a05
  究佛心豈唯洞曉一經抑乃通明大化矣今詳此 828 X21n0372_p0466a06
  經三藏之中定屬經藏化教所收五乘之中定屬 829 X21n0372_p0466a07
  菩薩大乘所攝然凡論判教一觀正宗所詮行相 830 X21n0372_p0466a08
  二考聽眾結益淺深三求文義意趣優劣行是一 831 X21n0372_p0466a09
  經之主益乃被物之功文即能詮之體用斯以判 832 X21n0372_p0466a10
  無往不通初明行者且通論孝行則有多途若同 833 X21n0372_p0466a11
  儒宗純孝奉親止是世報人天行也若如目連為 834 X21n0372_p0466a12
  親修道果成羅漢即是小乘聲聞行也若同前引 835 X21n0372_p0466a13
  華嚴涅槃十六觀經並是菩薩大乘之行次局就 836 X21n0372_p0466a14
  今經唯專大行良以於自恣日設供報恩一運已 837 X21n0372_p0466a15
  誠二兼他力無論存沒不簡自他憫物傾財拔苦 838 X21n0372_p0466a16
  與樂既非小行須歸大乘故經云吾今當說救濟 839 X21n0372_p0466a17
  之法令一切難皆離憂苦且一切之語遍該生境 840 X21n0372_p0466a18
  豈止吾親離苦之言畢超二死非唯鬼趣即梵網 841 X21n0372_p0466a19
  云一切眾生皆我父母我生生無不從之受生即 842 X21n0372_p0466a20
  前所謂累劫報恩積因成佛準斯明據大教何疑 843 X21n0372_p0466a21
  二明結益謂經家結示同聞之眾開悟證入故云 844 X21n0372_p0466a22
  結益非謂約彼所救之人即如經云目連比丘及 845 X21n0372_p0466a23
  大菩薩眾皆大歡喜若是小行人天凡福豈得大 846 X21n0372_p0466a24
  菩薩眾聞皆歡喜既云歡喜即是開悟增發大心 847 X21n0372_p0466b01
  故下引恩重經結益云帝釋諸天發菩提心豈非 848 X21n0372_p0466b02
  明證彼經又云若善男女能為父母受持此大乘 849 X21n0372_p0466b03
  摩訶般若一句一偈一經耳目五逆重罪悉得消 850 X21n0372_p0466b04
  滅二經同類而彼明標大乘決無疑矣三明文義 851 X21n0372_p0466b05
  一者如上示行文二者即前結益文三同聞之眾 852 X21n0372_p0466b06
  有大菩薩四受供僧中有十地權化安有小教而 853 X21n0372_p0466b07
  談十地示權耶五智昇法師大藏目錄判在大乘 854 X21n0372_p0466b08
  深符經旨而孤山記中輒斥為謬秉筆垂訓率易 855 X21n0372_p0466b09
  若此且錄中所判一代時經如何此經獨指為謬 856 X21n0372_p0466b10
  (古錄有判小乘者已為昇師所破)世多執 857 X21n0372_p0466b11
諍不免繁辭幸依法而 858 X21n0372_p0466b11
  勿依人豈聞義而不能從所慮淹沉至教抑塞來 859 X21n0372_p0466b12
  蒙誠不遑安固非好辯宗師不黨試為裁之。 860 X21n0372_p0466b13
 【疏】三辯定宗旨者此經以孝順設供拔苦報恩為 861 X21n0372_p0466b14
 宗今以二門分別一釋行相二配句數。 862 X21n0372_p0466b15
  【記】總分有四孝順是心設供是事拔苦是功報恩 863 X21n0372_p0466b16
  是用今詳經宗宗是主義國無二主安得有四今 864 X21n0372_p0466b17
  立報恩為宗餘三任運自攝經文首標欲報父母 865 X21n0372_p0466b18
  乳哺之恩斯一證也又疏引三譯第三立題為報 866 X21n0372_p0466b19
  恩經斯二證也且依疏釋學者宜知。 867 X21n0372_p0466b20
 【疏】初者謂目連本為孝誠欲酬恩德力所未及故 868 X21n0372_p0466b21
 先出家是以始得六通便觀三界見其亡母生餓 869 X21n0372_p0466b22
 鬼中(諸得道人未必皆為父母即驗目連為欲 870 X21n0372_p0466b23
報恩故出家也)雖餉香餐旋成 871 X21n0372_p0466b23
 猛火悲號投佛奉教設盆拔冥塗身脫一劫苦不 872 X21n0372_p0466b24
 辜生育大報劬勞細詳經宗備斯四義。 873 X21n0372_p0466c01
  【記】初敘孝順註文遮疑恐疑諸聖入道皆因親故 874 X21n0372_p0466c02
  始得便觀故云即驗雖下敘設供旋字平呼尋也 875 X21n0372_p0466c03
  拔下敘拔苦不下敘報恩末後二句總結。 876 X21n0372_p0466c04
 【疏】二配句數者有四四句。 877 X21n0372_p0466c05
 【疏】一孝順兩字自有四句一孝而非順如三牲之 878 X21n0372_p0466c06
 養等二順而非孝如病索禁忌之食而即供欲行 879 X21n0372_p0466c07
 非為之事而不諫等三亦孝亦順謂有隱無犯三 880 X21n0372_p0466c08
 諫而隨順色觀志三年無改四非孝非順如水中 881 X21n0372_p0466c09
 葬父之類。 882 X21n0372_p0466c10
  【記】第一句孝經云居上不驕為下不亂在醜不爭 883 X21n0372_p0466c11
  (醜即眾也)居上而驕則亡為下而亂則刑在醜而爭則 884 X21n0372_p0466c12
  兵(兵謂兵鬥)三者不除雖日用三牲之養猶為不孝也 885 X21n0372_p0466c13
  (彼謂不孝今云孝者以其非不盡養但不能 886 X21n0372_p0466c14
修己故云非順)第二句供忌食惡 887 X21n0372_p0466c14
  不諫是順而非愛親故非孝孝經云父有爭子則 888 X21n0372_p0466c15
  身不陷於不義故當不義則爭之從父之令又焉 889 X21n0372_p0466c16
  得為孝乎第三句中禮記云事親有隱而無犯(當隱 890 X21n0372_p0466c17
  過幾諫不犯顏)事君有犯而無隱(當犯顏 891 X21n0372_p0466c18
直諫言其得失)事師無犯 892 X21n0372_p0466c18
  無隱(雖不犯顏容言得失事親是恩事君是 893 X21n0372_p0466c19
義師則恩義之間)三諫隨者禮云 894 X21n0372_p0466c19
  子之事親也三諫而不聽則號泣而隨之順色者 895 X21n0372_p0466c20
  論語云子夏問孝子曰色難註云承順顏色乃為 896 X21n0372_p0466c21
  難也觀志者禮記曾子曰君子之謂孝者先意承 897 X21n0372_p0466c22
  志諭父母孝道(此謂子觀父志頗合文意與 898 X21n0372_p0466c23
下論語言同意別或可字誤合云承志) 899 X21n0372_p0466c23
  三年無改者論語云父在觀其志父沒觀其行三 900 X21n0372_p0466c24
  年無改於父之道可謂孝矣四中世傳昆子(有作渾子) 901 X21n0372_p0467a01
  水葬父在昆明池中由子不孝多違於父父令棄 902 X21n0372_p0467a02
  水意使土葬而子特順之反是不順。 903 X21n0372_p0467a03
 【疏】二以孝順與設供相對復為四句一孝順非設 904 X21n0372_p0467a04
 供如董黯王祥等二設供非孝順為己求福而修 905 X21n0372_p0467a05
 齊等三俱是即盂蘭盆會四俱非謂逆而慳也。 906 X21n0372_p0467a06
  【記】初句孝德傳云董黯會稽人(碑作句 907 X21n0372_p0467a07
章人)少孤養母 908 X21n0372_p0467a07
  承顏致樂雖貧而充鄰有惡人令母常憂雖富而 909 X21n0372_p0467a08
  瘁因相問之鄰人怒候黯不在遂擊其母母告黯 910 X21n0372_p0467a09
  黯恨至母終葬訖(謂盧墓三年服除已)遂 911 X21n0372_p0467a10
殺鄰人將頭以獻 912 X21n0372_p0467a10
  之曰孃知始在侍養今養終讎訖自投官聲罪會 913 X21n0372_p0467a11
  赦免之王祥母嗜魚嚴凝冰凍祥即臥冰得魚奉 914 X21n0372_p0467a12
  母第三中二俱句指蘭盆者欲簡經宗故也下二 915 X21n0372_p0467a13
  亦爾例前孝順雙亦一句收盂蘭盆四中逆故非 916 X21n0372_p0467a14
  孝慳不設供。 917 X21n0372_p0467a15
 【疏】三以孝順對拔苦亦為四句一孝順非拔苦謂 918 X21n0372_p0467a16
 董永等二拔苦非孝順謂救佗人之苦厄三俱是 919 X21n0372_p0467a17
 即盂蘭會也四俱非謂逆小之人也。 920 X21n0372_p0467a18
  【記】初句董永家貧母喪遂傭身葬母感天女為妻 921 X21n0372_p0467a19
  織絹以贖之四中逆即非孝小人不濟佗苦。 922 X21n0372_p0467a20
 【疏】四以孝順對報恩亦為四句一孝順非報恩護 923 X21n0372_p0467a21
 髮膚不驕危非法不言等二報恩非孝順扶輪報 924 X21n0372_p0467a22
 一食修行報施主等三俱是盂蘭盆會也四俱非 925 X21n0372_p0467a23
 謂辜恩逆人。 926 X21n0372_p0467a24
  【記】初句引事並出孝經餘如前引卿大夫章云是 927 X21n0372_p0467b01
  故非法不言非道不行然後能守其宗廟次句扶 928 X21n0372_p0467b02
  輪報餐者左傳云晉侯(靈公)飲趙盾酒伏 929 X21n0372_p0467b03
甲(甲兵)將攻 930 X21n0372_p0467b03
  之(公無道盾數諫欲殺之)初盾田(田獵 931 X21n0372_p0467b04
)於首山見靈輒餓問之 932 X21n0372_p0467b04
  曰不食三日矣食之舍其半問之曰官三年矣(官學 933 X21n0372_p0467b05
  也)未知母之存否今近焉請以遺之既而為公介 934 X21n0372_p0467b06
  (輒為靈公甲士)倒戟以禦(盾走伏兵至 935 X21n0372_p0467b07
輒乃擊之史記作反擊伏土)公徒而免 936 X21n0372_p0467b07
  之(公謀不成盾免此難)問曰何故對曰翳 937 X21n0372_p0467b08
桑之餓人也問其 938 X21n0372_p0467b08
  名居(名與所居)不告而退遂自亡也(輒 939 X21n0372_p0467b09
亦去國)按左傳史記 940 X21n0372_p0467b09
  並無扶輪之說唯類林有之彼云盾走出乘車車 941 X21n0372_p0467b10
  已脫一輪公先令人脫之輒扶盾上車以臂承軸 942 X21n0372_p0467b11
  軀駕而行。 943 X21n0372_p0467b12
 【疏】今修此一門即圓四行所得功德何可挍量實 944 X21n0372_p0467b13
 由境勝心弘徹於神理故也。 945 X21n0372_p0467b14
  【記】初顯功勝實下推所由境勝即三田心強即三 946 X21n0372_p0467b15
  心徹通也神理謂幽冥之處。 947 X21n0372_p0467b16
  948 X21n0372_p0467b17
盂蘭盆經疏新記卷上 949 X21n0372_p0467b18

 

 

 

 

 

          網頁版大藏經之資料來源:中華電子佛典協會

             以下是資料來源的相關訊息:

【經文資訊】卍新纂續藏經 第二十一冊 No. 372《盂蘭盆經疏新記》

【版本記錄】CBETA 電子佛典 V1.2 (Big5) 普及版,完成日期:2007/07/06

【編輯說明】本資料庫由中華電子佛典協會(CBETA)依卍新纂續藏經所編輯

【原始資料】CBETA 人工輸入,CBETA 掃瞄辨識

【其它事項】本資料庫可自由免費流通,詳細內容請參閱【中華電子佛典協會版權宣告】(http://www.cbeta.org/copyright.htm)

=========================================================================

# 卍 Xuzangjing Vol. 21, No. 372 盂蘭盆經疏新記

# CBETA Chinese Electronic Tripitaka V1.2 (Big5) Normalized Version, Release Date: 2007/07/06

# Distributor: Chinese Buddhist Electronic Text Association (CBETA)

# Source material obtained from: Input by CBETA, OCR by CBETA

# Distributed free of charge. For details please read at http://www.cbeta.org/copyright_e.htm

=========================================================================

盂蘭盆經疏新記卷上并序)

本經佛學辭彙一覽(共 433 條)

一切義成

一食

七逆

七賢

了悟

了義

二因

二死

二求

二身

二明

二門

二乘

二教

二眾

二報

二義

二禪

二藏

二證

人天

人道

入滅

八定

八識

十二因緣

十六觀

十方

十地

十善

十聖

三世

三世諸佛

三光

三行

三衣

三身

三明

三毒

三界

三乘

三病

三尊

三菩提

三塗

三業

三福

三賢

三學

三歸

三歸五戒

三藏

三寶

下地

上界

大千

大心

大戒

大乘

大乘經

大涅槃

大般涅槃

小乘

不住生死

中有

中道

五力

五位

五戒

五乘

五祖

五逆

五逆罪

五部

內秘

內眾

六度

六度萬行

六通

六趣

分別

化主

化身

化現

天台

天乘

方外

方便

止持

比丘

世界

世間

他力

出家

功德

四一

四行

四住

四身

四事

四事

四空

四洲

四相

四教

四眾

四等

四聖

四德

四緣

四諦

四禪

外教

外道

布施

弘誓

正受

正等正覺

正覺

生死

生佛

生法二身

生報

用大

由旬

目連

目犍連

任運

同行

名相

因果

因緣

地大

多財鬼

妄執

妄語

如來

如法

如實

安居

成住壞空

成佛

有作

有情

有教

有餘涅槃

牟尼

竹園

自相

自恣

自恣日

色有

色界

行人

行果

行者

行相

行教

行業

衣缽

衣法

住持

佛化

佛地

佛身

佛具

佛果

佛法

佛乘

佛教

佛經

佛號

佛道

佛境

佛說

佛寶

別解脫

判教

判釋

利養

劫初

弟子

忍辱

戒行

戒法

戒學

我愛

沙門

邪淫

事證

供養

制戒

制教

受戒

受持

和尚

宗密

定業

定慧

定學

彼岸

念誦

所知障

拔苦

放生

放光

果報

果號

果滿

果德

法化

法身

法乳

法門

法要

法師

法報

法報應

法華

法會

盂蘭盆

空劫

空處

初果

金剛

長物

長養

阿含

阿鼻

阿羅漢

非人

信解

南山

契理

契經

契機

威儀

帝釋

幽冥

幽靈

律藏

後佛

施主

界如

相好

相即

相應

軌持

重如

倒懸

俱舍

修多羅

修行

修道

修齋

修羅

冥加

冥途

夏末

差別

師子

恩田

涅槃

涅槃樂

真化二身

真如

真身

神足

神通

神道

般若

般涅槃

追薦

鬼神

鬼趣

兜率

兜率天

婆羅門

寂滅

宿因

宿命

常樂我淨

得道

教一

教化

教主

教行

教判

教法

梵王

梵語

梵釋

欲界

殺生

淨土

淨名

淨戒

淨眼

淨飯王

淨業

淨德

理智

理體

現世

異熟

異熟果

眾生

莊嚴

通途

鹿苑

勝因

勝果

喜捨

報佛

報恩

尊者

惡道

悲田

悲智

減劫

無上正等正覺

無上正覺

無上涅槃

無上菩提

無明

無情

無量

無間

無漏

無漏慧

無盡

無餘

無餘涅槃

登地

登地菩薩

發菩提心

善業

菩提

菩提心

菩提樹

菩薩

菩薩戒

菩薩乘

華嚴

虛空

虛無

鈍根

開悟

飲酒

圓覺

慈悲

敬田

業報

業餘

滅法

煩惱

煩惱即菩提

煩惱障

當來

萬行

經宗

經論

經藏

罪福

群生

聖人

聖教

解脫

辟支

辟支佛

道中

道果

道俗

道樹

達磨

僧祇

僧祇律

僧寶

厭世

實教

對法

對治

福田

福慧

種子

誓願

說法

慧學

摩訶

摩訶般若

緣起

緣覺

緣覺乘

諸天

諸佛

賢首

賢首宗

餓鬼

器界

曇無

機教

親緣

閻浮

隨順

應法

禪師

聲聞

聲聞乘

聲聞緣覺

齋戒

斷惑

藏識

羅漢

證入

難陀

覺樹

譬喻經

釋典

釋迦

釋師子

釋梵

釋尊

瓔珞

權化

權教

權實

歡喜

讀誦

變化

變易

體用

忉利天

大藏經 冊別目錄