1 X21n0372_p0455b01 　 2 X21n0372_p0455b02 　 3 X21n0372_p0455b03 　 4 X21n0372_p0455b04 　 5 X21n0372_p0455b05 　 6 X21n0372_p0455b06 　 7 X21n0372_p0455b07 　 8 X21n0372_p0455b08 　 9 X21n0372_p0455b09 　 10 X21n0372_p0455b10 　 11 X21n0372_p0455b11 　 12 X21n0372_p0455b12 盂蘭盆經疏新記(并序) 13 X21n0372_p0455b13 　　　　錢唐沙門　元照　述 14 X21n0372_p0455b14 　教是道門孝為行本既沉冥而忘返故惻隱以流 15 X21n0372_p0455b15 　慈託彼親緣興斯至教。 16 X21n0372_p0455b16 　且夫行者所以趣道經者所以詮行疏者所以通 17 X21n0372_p0455b17 　經記者所以解疏。 18 X21n0372_p0455b18 　此蓋名教發起之大端講學討論之要術也。 19 X21n0372_p0455b19 　叔世浮侈正教支離既闕師承率從狂簡事唇吻 20 X21n0372_p0455b20 　之銛利逞記問之繁多私節游辭橫攻俗典。 21 X21n0372_p0455b21 　豈念修身報德但知逐利活名辜負生成背違天 22 X21n0372_p0455b22 　地。 23 X21n0372_p0455b23 　斯由傳授者鮮能開誘撰述者互有瑕疵。 24 X21n0372_p0455b24 　由是輒事操觚集成新記文從簡要義取優長教 25 X21n0372_p0455c01 　有宗途理歸至當。 26 X21n0372_p0455c02 　庶乎學者由記以達疏由疏以通經由經以起行 27 X21n0372_p0455c03 　由行以造道。 28 X21n0372_p0455c04 　然後敷于四海施之後世而無朝夕者不在斯文 29 X21n0372_p0455c05 　乎。 30 X21n0372_p0455c06 　【疏】盂蘭盆經疏(并序)。 31 X21n0372_p0455c07 　　【記】解釋經題疏文自備今略以五門料簡初分能 32 X21n0372_p0455c08 　　所二簡通別三辨華梵四明立題五顯異同初中 33 X21n0372_p0455c09 　　依本經題上加佛說共有七字疏為能解上六字 34 X21n0372_p0455c10 　　並所解經為能詮上五字即所詮盆為能救盂蘭 35 X21n0372_p0455c11 　　為所救佛為能說下並所說二通別者且就經題 36 X21n0372_p0455c12 　　佛說是通下四字為別又經字是通上三字為別 37 X21n0372_p0455c13 　　又疏字是通上經題為別攬別簡通則局今經今 38 X21n0372_p0455c14 　　疏矣三華梵者佛與盂蘭全是梵語生善不翻說 39 X21n0372_p0455c15 　　及盆經並翻梵成華疏之一字全是華言四立題 40 X21n0372_p0455c16 　　者凡經首題不過人法喻三單複全具歷為七別 41 X21n0372_p0455c17 　　此經則以人法喻具足為題佛說人也盂蘭喻也 42 X21n0372_p0455c18 　　即下疏云魂沉闇道命似倒懸故盆字是法經云 43 X21n0372_p0456a01 　　吾今當說救濟之法即盆供也上依疏解若據經 44 X21n0372_p0456a02 　　音義盆亦梵語同翻倒懸則人喻為題矣五同異 45 X21n0372_p0456a03 　　中按應法師經音義云梵語烏藍婆拏此翻倒懸 46 X21n0372_p0456a04 　　今詳烏藍即盂蘭也婆拏即今之盆也是則三字 47 X21n0372_p0456a05 　　並是梵言但音之訛轉耳疏主且據經文安著盆 48 X21n0372_p0456a06 　　中之語故作華言解釋音義則梵言得實疏家則 49 X21n0372_p0456a07 　　一往符經疑故兩存隨人去取(相傳宋三藏 50 X21n0372_p0456a08 云烏監婆拏盆佐那翻 51 X21n0372_p0456a08 　　倒懸救器未見典據不敢信用)疏即訓疏謂 52 X21n0372_p0456a09 疏決文義使無壅 53 X21n0372_p0456a09 　　并序者謂以疏題兼目序首述作從省故注以示 54 X21n0372_p0456a10 　　之。 55 X21n0372_p0456a11 　【疏】充國沙門宗密述。 56 X21n0372_p0456a12 　　【記】充國即縣邑別號今係果州九州地里記云充 57 X21n0372_p0456a13 　　國漢時巴子國後以人風充盛因以名焉後漢靈 58 X21n0372_p0456a14 　　帝分為南充西充二縣因省下國字耳按晉書地 59 X21n0372_p0456a15 　　理志巴西郡有西充國縣南充國縣故知充國乃 60 X21n0372_p0456a16 　　古全名如譙國沛國魯國之類疏主西充縣人今 61 X21n0372_p0456a17 　　從古名但云充國耳若據佗文多標居處今以此 62 X21n0372_p0456a18 　　經宗於孝道故標父母之邦復由歸鄉致請因記 63 X21n0372_p0456a19 　　撰述之處也宗密即疏主之名生於唐朝大弘至 64 X21n0372_p0456a20 　　教平居終南之圭峰故人以圭峰稱之宣宗追諡 65 X21n0372_p0456a21 　　定慧禪師諸餘化跡並載宋高僧傳沙門與述如 66 X21n0372_p0456a22 　　常所解。 67 X21n0372_p0456a23 　【疏】始於混沌塞乎天地通人神貫貴賤儒釋皆宗 68 X21n0372_p0456a24 　之其唯孝道矣。 69 X21n0372_p0456b01 　　【記】初句歎豎深次四句歎橫廣下一句結示所歎 70 X21n0372_p0456b02 　　豎謂推其初始始則莫先於混沌橫乃顯其該遍 71 X21n0372_p0456b03 　　偏則無出於三才豎深橫廣歎孝盡矣言混沌者 72 X21n0372_p0456b04 　　儒宗謂天地萬物本於混元之氣元氣生天地天 73 X21n0372_p0456b05 　　地生萬物故愚智貴賤貧富苦樂皆推天命死生 74 X21n0372_p0456b06 　　變化終歸一氣然天地陰陽未分之前清濁相和 75 X21n0372_p0456b07 　　故名混沌此即儒宗之至論也其次道家謂虛無 76 X21n0372_p0456b08 　　大道生成養育道法自然生於元氣故云道生一 77 X21n0372_p0456b09 　　(混元)一生二(天地)二生三(三才) 78 X21n0372_p0456b10 三生萬物萬物歸根復于 79 X21n0372_p0456b10 　　虛寂此為道教之極致也若論釋教且就小乘謂 80 X21n0372_p0456b11 　　一切眾生三毒三業造立器界成住壞空四相循 81 X21n0372_p0456b12 　　環各二十劫且從空劫初成世界者俱舍頌曰空 82 X21n0372_p0456b13 　　界大風起傍廣數無量金剛不能壞此名持界風 83 X21n0372_p0456b14 　　(道以空界為虛無儒以大風為混沌道家所 84 X21n0372_p0456b15 謂道生一也)光音金藏雲布及三千 85 X21n0372_p0456b15 　　界雨如車軸下風遏不聽流先成梵王界乃至夜 86 X21n0372_p0456b16 　　摩天(儒謂清者昇天)風波清水成須彌七金等滓濁為山 87 X21n0372_p0456b17 　　地四州及泥犁鹹海外輪圍(儒謂濁者為地 88 X21n0372_p0456b18 道謂一生二也)方名 89 X21n0372_p0456b18 　　器界立時經一增減(經一增減劫世界方成 90 X21n0372_p0456b19 )乃至二禪福盡 91 X21n0372_p0456b19 　　下生人間(道謂二生三儒謂盤古生于中) 92 X21n0372_p0456b20 初食地餅林藤後餐粳 93 X21n0372_p0456b20 　　米不消大小便利男女形別分田立主求臣佐等 94 X21n0372_p0456b21 　　種種差別(道謂三生萬物儒宗亦然)總十 95 X21n0372_p0456b22 九增減兼前總二十 96 X21n0372_p0456b22 　　增減名為成劫(住壞空各二十劫)圭峰云空界劫中道教 97 X21n0372_p0456b23 　　指為虛無之道大風即彼儒家混沌一氣是知混 98 X21n0372_p0456b24 　　沌即成劫之初此時孝道已蘊其中故云始於也 99 X21n0372_p0456c01 　　(上並出圭峰原人論孤山云此方外教認空 100 X21n0372_p0456c02 劫為混沌者非)問今釋佛經反依 101 X21n0372_p0456c02 　　儒宗云混沌者答行孝報親正存誘俗況歸鄉設 102 X21n0372_p0456c03 　　會道俗同聞若指劫初則俗流難曉故標混沌則 103 X21n0372_p0456c04 　　四眾通知以至下明二教同異多引儒書意亦同 104 X21n0372_p0456c05 　　此孤山云此經宗旨是人天乘故得附近儒書而 105 X21n0372_p0456c06 　　言混沌今謂不然佛教人天已明報應一途方便 106 X21n0372_p0456c07 　　誘接鈍根豈與儒書而相附近縱是人天猶非比擬 107 X21n0372_p0456c08 　　況復此經非人天乎(如後廣破)次明橫廣即約三才初 108 X21n0372_p0456c09 　　句天地下三句並就人中以論差別或可天地約 109 X21n0372_p0456c10 　　無情下並有情塞天地者即孝經云夫孝天之經 110 X21n0372_p0456c11 　　也(經常也謂三光照臨四時運行萬物資生 111 X21n0372_p0456c12 古今皆然乃天之常德也)地之義也(義利 112 X21n0372_p0456c12 　　也山澤林野所出萬物隨風土所宜乃地之為 113 X21n0372_p0456c13 利也)謂天之常德下臨區宇 114 X21n0372_p0456c13 　　天之孝也地之所利養於生靈地之孝也則知孝 115 X21n0372_p0456c14 　　道充乎天地之間明矣通人神者人則可知神謂 116 X21n0372_p0456c15 　　鬼神總收四趣天修鬼獄雖分幽顯皆有君親則 117 X21n0372_p0456c16 　　驗幽靈咸知孝敬若準下云慈烏鸚鵡尚解酬恩 118 X21n0372_p0456c17 　　是則孝道通於六趣矣(有云行孝感於鬼神 119 X21n0372_p0456c18 者非)貫貴賤者且 120 X21n0372_p0456c18 　　就人論天子最貴庶人唯賤諸侯卿土望下則貴 121 X21n0372_p0456c19 　　望上為賤孝經五章各明孝行五用雖別孝行不 122 X21n0372_p0456c20 　　殊故後結云自天子至於庶人孝無終始而患不 123 X21n0372_p0456c21 　　及者未之有也(死而後已故無終始未有患 124 X21n0372_p0456c22 力不及而容不行者)儒釋皆宗 125 X21n0372_p0456c22 　　者即下彰孝道中通明孝為二教之宗本疏自委 126 X21n0372_p0456c23 　　釋不復繁詞講者臨文探引此說人神約趣貴賤 127 X21n0372_p0456c24 　　據位儒釋約教三結中唯即訓獨意謂餘行局在 128 X21n0372_p0457a01 　　一端獨茲孝道該貫彼此舉上諸義對歷可知爾 129 X21n0372_p0457a02 　　雅云善父母為孝凡為人子當行其中故云孝道。 130 X21n0372_p0457a03 　【疏】應孝子之懇誠救二親之苦厄酬昊天恩德其 131 X21n0372_p0457a04 　唯盂蘭盆之教也。 132 X21n0372_p0457a05 　　【記】應猶稱也孝子者通語末代報親之人懇誠言 133 X21n0372_p0457a06 　　其專至苦厄目於惡道恩德不出乳養文有四句 134 X21n0372_p0457a07 　　初句標舉所應之機末句結示能應之教也中間 135 X21n0372_p0457a08 　　二句則通機教在機則是所應之事在教則為能 136 X21n0372_p0457a09 　　應之功準下經宗備有四義一孝順二設供三捘 137 X21n0372_p0457a10 　　苦四報恩引對今文唯缺設供義必具之以見佗 138 X21n0372_p0457a11 　　經不具諸義故云唯也。 139 X21n0372_p0457a12 　【疏】宗密罪舋早年喪親每履雪霜之悲永懷風樹 140 X21n0372_p0457a13 　之恨。 141 X21n0372_p0457a14 　　【記】初二句敘幼歲喪親次一句示以時追慕下一 142 X21n0372_p0457a15 　　句恨不及侍養舋亦訓罪意謂失於侍養遂致喪 143 X21n0372_p0457a16 　　亡引過歸己是罪逆人也早年即童稚之時雪霜 144 X21n0372_p0457a17 　　悲者禮記祭義云秋霜露既降君子履之必有悽 145 X21n0372_p0457a18 　　愴之心非其寒之謂也春雨露既濡君子履之必 146 X21n0372_p0457a19 　　有惕(上丑律下他歷憂也)之 147 X21n0372_p0457a20 心如將見之今略舉秋時仍 148 X21n0372_p0457a20 　　易露字則通於秋冬也風樹恨者魯史云孔子出 149 X21n0372_p0457a21 　　行見虞丘子哭於路(楚國相)問其故對曰吾有三失 150 X21n0372_p0457a22 　　是以哭之少遊學周流天下父母已終闕於侍養 151 X21n0372_p0457a23 　　是吾一失素高其志不事庸君而臣節不遂是吾 152 X21n0372_p0457a24 　　二失少擇交遊寡於親友老無所託是吾三失夫 153 X21n0372_p0457b01 　　樹欲靜而風不止子欲養而親不待往而不返者 154 X21n0372_p0457b02 　　年也不可再見者親也設以此辭遂立哭而死孔 155 X21n0372_p0457b03 　　子顧謂左右曰記之可以為誡於是弟子辭歸養 156 X21n0372_p0457b04 　　親者十有二焉(舊引家語與此頗差請以史 157 X21n0372_p0457b05 文為正)今止用文中一 158 X21n0372_p0457b05 　　句以喻事與心違故長懷歎恨。 159 X21n0372_p0457b06 　【疏】竊以終身墳壟卒世蒸嘗雖展孝思不資神道。 160 X21n0372_p0457b07 　　【記】初二字標能思之心竊以謂私自慮之下四句 161 X21n0372_p0457b08 　　示所思之事上二句明依儒行終身卒世語變義 162 X21n0372_p0457b09 　　同古之人父母既喪負土為墳植柏成列廬墓三 163 X21n0372_p0457b10 　　年以盡孝誠墳壟者封土為墳平除曰墓壟即墓 164 X21n0372_p0457b11 　　之塋域蒸嘗即祭名禮記祭有四時春曰礿(音藥)夏 165 X21n0372_p0457b12 　　曰禘秋曰嘗冬日蒸文中略舉秋冬且標祭禮然 166 X21n0372_p0457b13 　　三年廬墓四時祭祀據論禮制未必終身今此舉 167 X21n0372_p0457b14 　　久況近用顯無功耳雖下二句彰無益上句是縱 168 X21n0372_p0457b15 　　謂上二事但可申於己心下句是奪謂不足助於 169 X21n0372_p0457b16 　　冥路。 170 X21n0372_p0457b17 　【疏】遂搜索聖賢之教虔求追薦之方得此法門實 171 X21n0372_p0457b18 　為妙行年年僧自恣日四事供養三尊。 172 X21n0372_p0457b19 　　【記】初二句敘尋經求法聖賢教不出三藏律唯佛 173 X21n0372_p0457b20 　　說經論通弟子諸仙諸天化人等說佛為極聖弟 174 X21n0372_p0457b21 　　子則通大小聖賢小則七賢四聖大則三賢十聖 175 X21n0372_p0457b22 　　仍列天仙義通凡矣索亦訓求虔敬方法也下四 176 X21n0372_p0457b23 　　句明得法稱懷上二句標歎功深下二句略示行 177 X21n0372_p0457b24 　　相初中經明目連慈母墮鬼時長惑業既深神通 178 X21n0372_p0457c01 　　莫救而乃假一日盆供少頃修崇能使冥途應時 179 X21n0372_p0457c02 　　脫苦既彰靈驗可謂神方理絕言思故稱妙行次 180 X21n0372_p0457c03 　　示行相即撮下經略示時事四事即房舍衣服飲 181 X21n0372_p0457c04 　　食湯藥三尊即目三寶並世所尊。 182 X21n0372_p0457c05 　【疏】宗密依之修崇已歷多載兼講其誥用示未聞。 183 X21n0372_p0457c06 　　【記】初二句明設供下二句示講經修崇在己是自 184 X21n0372_p0457c07 　　利行講示未聞即利佗行誥謂佛敕即指此經。 185 X21n0372_p0457c08 　【疏】今因歸鄉依日開設道俗耆艾悲喜遵行異口 186 X21n0372_p0457c09 　同音請製新疏。 187 X21n0372_p0457c10 　　【記】初二句明歸鄉啟會即唐文宗大和二年徵入 188 X21n0372_p0457c11 　　內殿咨問法要尋請歸山(欲還終南)後因眾請入蜀立 189 X21n0372_p0457c12 　　先代祖師碑銘由是還鄉適值夏末故云依日等 190 X21n0372_p0457c13 　　開謂開講設即設盆次二句示二眾相從道俗之 191 X21n0372_p0457c14 　　言通收四部曲禮五十曰艾(髮白如艾)六 192 X21n0372_p0457c15 十曰耆(耆亦老也) 193 X21n0372_p0457c15 　　言悲喜者聞父母深恩而懷感愴故所以悲獲酬 194 X21n0372_p0457c16 　　報勝法已得遵行故所以喜後二句明製疏緣起 195 X21n0372_p0457c17 　　異口謂能請不一同音謂所請無異對古所述故 196 X21n0372_p0457c18 　　云新疏即下引三藏云等是也問古既有疏何必 197 X21n0372_p0457c19 　　重製答彼文已亡莫知優劣然立今廢古必不徒 198 X21n0372_p0457c20 　　然或恐宗途不同或是解釋差謬或浮華而少實 199 X21n0372_p0457c21 　　或質野而不文將使適協群機宣流百世故因眾 200 X21n0372_p0457c22 　　請乃製斯文。 201 X21n0372_p0457c23 　【疏】心在松柏豈慢鄉閭式允來情發揮要道。 202 X21n0372_p0457c24 　　【記】上二句述懷下二句許請松柏即墳墓所植之 203 X21n0372_p0458a01 　　樹蓋指物以表父母也鄉閭閭即鄉里之門即指 204 X21n0372_p0458a02 　　處以名耆老也式敬允順也發謂為之發起揮謂 205 X21n0372_p0458a03 　　使其流布要道與上妙行辭異義同即指此經設 206 X21n0372_p0458a04 　　供報親法門以為至要耳。 207 X21n0372_p0458a05 　【疏】稽首三界主大孝釋迦尊累劫報親恩積因成 208 X21n0372_p0458a06 　正覺。 209 X21n0372_p0458a07 　　【記】西土此方諸師撰述必先立偈歸敬三寶所以 210 X21n0372_p0458a08 　　須者凡有六義一為荷恩故二求加護故三令生 211 X21n0372_p0458a09 　　信故四表敬儀故五顯勝故六開眾生佛法僧念 212 X21n0372_p0458a10 　　故(出南山戒本疏)然三寶多種化相住持理體一體該涉 213 X21n0372_p0458a11 　　大小如別所明且約化相以釋今偈初偈上二字 214 X21n0372_p0458a12 　　能敬儀謂將撰疏時先致敬故形表心敬頭頂至 215 X21n0372_p0458a13 　　地故曰稽首稽下也又至也三界已下即所敬境 216 X21n0372_p0458a14 　　初二句舉名下二句歎德三界是所化之境欲色 217 X21n0372_p0458a15 　　無色統及大千佛為化主即經云今此三界皆是 218 X21n0372_p0458a16 　　我有其中眾生悉是吾子是也大孝是因行釋迦 219 X21n0372_p0458a17 　　尊即果德行雖萬別舉孝統收德雖無量約姓齊 220 X21n0372_p0458a18 　　攝釋迦別在教主大孝與尊通於諸佛具云釋迦 221 X21n0372_p0458a19 　　牟尼此翻能仁寂默以寂默故不住生死即法身 222 X21n0372_p0458a20 　　也以能仁故不住涅槃即報應也歎德中上句釋 223 X21n0372_p0458a21 　　上大孝下句釋上釋迦尊累劫且約三祗報恩須 224 X21n0372_p0458a22 　　分通別通則六度萬行無非報恩別則在處奉親 225 X21n0372_p0458a23 　　皆能盡孝至於成道先度慈親始為摩耶昇天說 226 X21n0372_p0458a24 　　法終為淨飯躬自舁棺累劫功成故稱大孝積因 227 X21n0372_p0458b01 　　者躡上報親成正覺顯今果滿梵云阿耨多羅三 228 X21n0372_p0458b02 　　藐三菩提此云無上正等正覺正以簡邪覺即昭 229 X21n0372_p0458b03 　　了覺有二義一者覺察對煩惱障四住如賊唯聖 230 X21n0372_p0458b04 　　覺知故二者覺悟對所知障無明如睡唯聖獨悟 231 X21n0372_p0458b05 　　故餘廣如後。 232 X21n0372_p0458b06 　【疏】將永錫眾類應請演斯經欲使背恩人咸能酬 233 X21n0372_p0458b07 　罔極。 234 X21n0372_p0458b08 　　【記】初句懷機將謂將欲永長也錫即訓賜眾類即 235 X21n0372_p0458b09 　　目群生在孝子則遠惡遷善在二親則離苦得樂 236 X21n0372_p0458b10 　　凡在群倫莫不承賜即下經云是佛弟子修孝順 237 X21n0372_p0458b11 　　者又云令一切難皆離憂苦是也次句設教至聖 238 X21n0372_p0458b12 　　立言非緣不發酬目連請故說是經下二句示教 239 X21n0372_p0458b13 　　意背恩人通目世間不孝之者且凡負人恩咸須 240 X21n0372_p0458b14 　　知報況乎父母生育恩深為儒者苟不能立身揚 241 X21n0372_p0458b15 　　名順色承志出家者又不能奉戒修心說法開悟 242 X21n0372_p0458b16 　　皆為不孝盡是背恩此教所興正攝斯類酬罔極 243 X21n0372_p0458b17 　　者詩云欲報是德昊天罔極言親恩至大猶天之 244 X21n0372_p0458b18 　　無盡也。 245 X21n0372_p0458b19 　【疏】我今所讚述願眾聖冥加自佗存沒親離苦常 246 X21n0372_p0458b20 　安樂。 247 X21n0372_p0458b21 　　【記】初句敘撰疏讚謂助彼聖教言其志也述謂循 248 X21n0372_p0458b22 　　於舊跡示其謙也次句乞加護上申歸敬則唯在 249 X21n0372_p0458b23 　　釋尊此求加護則遍祈眾聖豈唯諸佛亦總三乘 250 X21n0372_p0458b24 　　言冥加者聖力加物有顯有冥顯謂現睹好相摩 251 X21n0372_p0458c01 　　頂放光冥謂潛被功能功成事遂不敢輒祈顯應 252 X21n0372_p0458c02 　　故請冥加孤山問曰此經既屬小教何得云諸佛 253 X21n0372_p0458c03 　　耶答云小乘諸部宗計不同薩婆多則不說十方 254 X21n0372_p0458c04 　　(戒本稽首釋師子故)曇無德則許有諸佛 255 X21n0372_p0458c05 (戒序稽首禮諸佛故)今云 256 X21n0372_p0458c05 　　眾聖無違小宗今詳此答凡有三非一者偈中但 257 X21n0372_p0458c06 　　云眾聖豈局諸佛二者曇無德部稽首諸佛由此 258 X21n0372_p0458c07 　　宗中義通大乘故首標諸佛還依大教那云小宗 259 X21n0372_p0458c08 　　許談諸佛三者此經大體全非小乘不究經文但 260 X21n0372_p0458c09 　　循舊判強生和會引誤來蒙有智深思幸無自累 261 X21n0372_p0458c10 　　下二句立弘誓上句所誓人下句所誓事自佗存 262 X21n0372_p0458c11 　　沒是大心拔苦與樂即大行近則出三途苦獲人 263 X21n0372_p0458c12 　　天樂遠則脫二死苦得涅槃樂自古科此三偈以 264 X21n0372_p0458c13 　　為四段初明致敬二讚所歸三請冥加四發誓願 265 X21n0372_p0458c14 　　又云諸論俱歸三寶今但歸於佛者以法是佛言 266 X21n0372_p0458c15 　　僧是佛子舉人以攝言明父以包子有人云此之 267 X21n0372_p0458c16 　　三偈即對三寶初偈歸佛自可知之次偈演經即 268 X21n0372_p0458c17 　　歸法也後偈眾聖豈非僧也今詳古釋所敬雖偏 269 X21n0372_p0458c18 　　而分節文相頗有倫貫然此三偈雖有三寶之義 270 X21n0372_p0458c19 　　而始末敘事文理相由然非一向專談三寶故今 271 X21n0372_p0458c20 　　科釋去取從中三寶具含文義宛順但知稽首兩 272 X21n0372_p0458c21 　　字文局在前義須該後最後二句文局於後義必 273 X21n0372_p0458c22 　　承前。 274 X21n0372_p0458c23 　【疏】將解此經先開四段一教起所因二藏乘所攝 275 X21n0372_p0458c24 　三辨定宗旨四正解經文。 276 X21n0372_p0459a01 　　【記】標分為四初敘教起究其發端次辨藏乘顯其 277 X21n0372_p0459a02 　　所屬三定宗旨指其歸趣四解經文釋其名相前 278 X21n0372_p0459a03 　　三示總義後一釋別文又初後是能詮中二屬所 279 X21n0372_p0459a04 　　詮或可初緣次義三行四文次第相由判釋盡矣。 280 X21n0372_p0459a05 　【疏】初中復分為四一酬宿因故二酬今請故三彰 281 X21n0372_p0459a06 　孝道故四示勝由故。 282 X21n0372_p0459a07 　　【記】初科通於諸教下三別在今經初是填願二即 283 X21n0372_p0459a08 　　赴感三明行深四顯法要。 284 X21n0372_p0459a09 　【疏】初酬宿因者悉達太子不紹王位捨親去國者 285 X21n0372_p0459a10 　本為修行得道報父母恩然菩薩用心不務專己 286 X21n0372_p0459a11 　故開盂蘭法會以福自佗二親此經所興本意如 287 X21n0372_p0459a12 　此。 288 X21n0372_p0459a13 　　【記】初正明此下結示初中又二初敘宿因然下明 289 X21n0372_p0459a14 　　酬報悉達此云一切義成即淨飯王之嫡嗣故名 290 X21n0372_p0459a15 　　太子不紹王位厭世榮也捨親去國踰城入山也 291 X21n0372_p0459a16 　　及乎得道即還本國啟悟父王又昇忉利度脫亡 292 X21n0372_p0459a17 　　母即知修道本為報親。 293 X21n0372_p0459a18 　【疏】二酬今請者大目犍連因心之孝欲度父母報 294 X21n0372_p0459a19 　乳哺之恩故出家修行神通第一觀見亡母墮餓 295 X21n0372_p0459a20 　鬼中自救不能白佛求法方陳盆供救母倒懸由 296 X21n0372_p0459a21 　愛其親施及一切故為道俗弟子請佛留此教門 297 X21n0372_p0459a22 　酬目連所問即是說經之由致也。 298 X21n0372_p0459a23 　　【記】初正明酬目連下二結示初中即是撮略一經 299 X21n0372_p0459a24 　　始終文相如後自釋不勞預解就文為三初是序 300 X21n0372_p0459b01 　　分自救下即正宗由愛下即流通天性本有非佗 301 X21n0372_p0459b02 　　使然故曰因心方大也施字音異訓移謂移及於 302 X21n0372_p0459b03 　　他也。 303 X21n0372_p0459b04 　【疏】三彰孝道者復有其二一通明孝為二教之宗 304 X21n0372_p0459b05 　本二別明二教行之同異。 305 X21n0372_p0459b06 　【疏】初通明中。 306 X21n0372_p0459b07 　　【記】通明者對下同異別開科目故。 307 X21n0372_p0459b08 　【疏】且明儒教以孝為本者謂始自天子至於士人 308 X21n0372_p0459b09 　家國相傳皆立宗廟雖五孝之用則別而百行之 309 X21n0372_p0459b10 　源不殊。 310 X21n0372_p0459b11 　　【記】初標謂下釋此準孝經尊卑五位總收天下並 311 X21n0372_p0459b12 　　須行孝則儒教以孝為本明矣文中兩段初別舉 312 X21n0372_p0459b13 　　宗廟以明立廟存祀為尊祖考國家之大事故先 313 X21n0372_p0459b14 　　舉此以彰本義家國相傳者國對天子諸侯家對 314 X21n0372_p0459b15 　　卿士庶人無廟但收四人按禮記祭法天子立七 315 X21n0372_p0459b16 　　廟一考(父也)二王考(祖也)三皇考( 316 X21n0372_p0459b17 曾祖)四顯考(高祖)五祖考 317 X21n0372_p0459b17 　　(始祖也上五皆月祭下二祧四時祭)遠廟 318 X21n0372_p0459b18 為祧有二祧(祧即廟之別名即文武廟 319 X21n0372_p0459b18 　　也文武遠祖有功特留故謂之祧)諸侯五廟 320 X21n0372_p0459b19 一考二王考三皇考 321 X21n0372_p0459b19 　　(皆月祭之)四顯考五祖考(四時祭之) 322 X21n0372_p0459b20 卿大夫三廟一考二王 323 X21n0372_p0459b20 　　考三皇考(皆四時祭顯考祖考無廟)士立 324 X21n0372_p0459b21 二廟一考二王考(四時 325 X21n0372_p0459b21 　　祭皇考無廟)庶人無廟然此且局周家宗祖故有文武 326 X21n0372_p0459b22 　　二祧若據商書云七世之廟可以觀德則知宗廟 327 X21n0372_p0459b23 　　自古通規且舉大綱以遣文相寄言後學須究本 328 X21n0372_p0459b24 　　宗無勞廣引俗書妄生穿鑿雖下次通約行相以 329 X21n0372_p0459c01 　　顯上句明事別下句示心同孝經云愛敬盡於事 330 X21n0372_p0459c02 　　親德教加於百姓天子孝也行無危溢長守富貴 331 X21n0372_p0459c03 　　能保社稷和其人民諸侯孝也服飾言行皆遵禮 332 X21n0372_p0459c04 　　制能守宗廟卿大夫孝也愛敬君父忠順不失能 333 X21n0372_p0459c05 　　保祿位守其祭祀士之孝也謹身節用以養父母 334 X21n0372_p0459c06 　　庶人孝也此所謂五孝別也百行者趣舉大數源 335 X21n0372_p0459c07 　　即是本。 336 X21n0372_p0459c08 　【疏】故開宗明義章中標為至德要道道德以之為 337 X21n0372_p0459c09 　體教法由是而生何有君子而不務本既為天經 338 X21n0372_p0459c10 　地義須令企及俯從雖論禮壞樂崩終呵衣錦食 339 X21n0372_p0459c11 　稻。 340 X21n0372_p0459c12 　　【記】初至而生正示本義何有下明在人必行雖論 341 X21n0372_p0459c13 　　下明事不可廢初中開宗明義章即孝經首章也 342 X21n0372_p0459c14 　　至德要道即目孝行此引仲尼首告曾子之言故 343 X21n0372_p0459c15 　　云標也經曰先王(五帝三王)有至德(孝 344 X21n0372_p0459c16 德尊於百行)要道(孝道總於 345 X21n0372_p0459c16 　　五常)以順天下(上行)民用和睦上下無 346 X21n0372_p0459c17 怨(下化)道德下二 347 X21n0372_p0459c17 　　句亦見此章上句明行本由所依故(體即本也)下句明 348 X21n0372_p0459c18 　　教本以從生故經曰夫孝德之本也(疏加道 349 X21n0372_p0459c19 字因上文故)教 350 X21n0372_p0459c19 　　之所由生也(先王因孝立言垂訓)次段初 351 X21n0372_p0459c20 二句出論語彼云 352 X21n0372_p0459c20 　　君子務本(孝悌)本立而道生(五常百行 353 X21n0372_p0459c21 由成)孝悌也者其為 354 X21n0372_p0459c21 　　仁之本歟仁是五常之首孝為仁行之本是知非 355 X21n0372_p0459c22 　　孝則仁義道德無所依矣既下一句出孝經三才 356 X21n0372_p0459c23 　　章經曰夫孝天之經也地之義也(如上已釋)民之行也 357 X21n0372_p0459c24 　　(德之本故)言孝既是天常地利人生天地間固當法而 358 X21n0372_p0460a01 　　行之須下一句出禮記彼云曾子謂子思曰(子思伯魚 359 X21n0372_p0460a02 　　子孔子孫)伋(伋子思名)吾執親之喪也 360 X21n0372_p0460a03 水漿不入於口者 361 X21n0372_p0460a03 　　七日子思曰先王制禮過之者俯而就之(賢者能過當須 362 X21n0372_p0460a04 　　下就)不至者跂而及之(常人不至當須跂 363 X21n0372_p0460a05 上使及之跂望也今作企義同)故 364 X21n0372_p0460a05 　　君子執親之喪水漿不入於口者三日此明先王 365 X21n0372_p0460a06 　　立法通賢不肖則知孝道不擇於人後段中二句 366 X21n0372_p0460a07 　　並出論語彼云宰我問(孔子弟子)三年之喪期已久矣 367 X21n0372_p0460a08 　　(期謂周年)君子三年不為禮禮必壞三年不為樂樂必 368 X21n0372_p0460a09 　　崩(謂周年已久而況三年將恐禮壞樂崩故 369 X21n0372_p0460a10 也)子曰食夫稻衣夫錦於 370 X21n0372_p0460a10 　　汝安乎(食音嗣衣去呼)曰定(宰我答也 371 X21n0372_p0460a11 )子曰汝安則為之夫君 372 X21n0372_p0460a11 　　子之居喪食旨不甘(旨美也)聞樂不樂居處不安故 373 X21n0372_p0460a12 　　不為也今汝安則為之(再言者責之深)雖論謂宰我申問 374 X21n0372_p0460a13 　　終呵即孔子重責。 375 X21n0372_p0460a14 　【疏】甚哉孝之大也聖人之德又何以加於孝乎。 376 X21n0372_p0460a15 　　【記】三句並孝經初句出三才章曾子聞上五孝故 377 X21n0372_p0460a16 　　驚而歎之今用彼語總結前文下二句出聖治章 378 X21n0372_p0460a17 　　經曰夫聖人之德又何以加於孝乎(聖德不 379 X21n0372_p0460a18 加大可知矣)。 380 X21n0372_p0460a18 　【疏】次釋教以孝為本者然一切諸佛皆有真化二 381 X21n0372_p0460a19 　身釋迦化身說隨機權教舍那真身說究竟實教 382 X21n0372_p0460a20 　教者經律也經詮理智律詮德行。 383 X21n0372_p0460a21 　　【記】初句標然下釋初二句通舉釋迦下別示真身 384 X21n0372_p0460a22 　　即報化身即應若約三身即真中兼法若論四身 385 X21n0372_p0460a23 　　即化中分應或處說生法二身生即是應法中含 386 X21n0372_p0460a24 　　報若離若合隨宜不定古今用與各據宗途無以 387 X21n0372_p0460b01 　　己宗校佗同異隨機權教總收鹿苑鶴林一代時 388 X21n0372_p0460b02 　　經究竟實教唯局華嚴一部然此且據賢首一家 389 X21n0372_p0460b03 　　所判耳(孤山更收圓覺勝鬘此乃化身所說 390 X21n0372_p0460b04 還屬隨機)舍那者具云盧舍 391 X21n0372_p0460b04 　　那此翻滿淨滿謂果圓淨即障盡教者下總釋教 392 X21n0372_p0460b05 　　義權教經律各有大小經則可知二部五部是小 393 X21n0372_p0460b06 　　乘律善戒瓔珞即大乘律實教純一大乘經是華 394 X21n0372_p0460b07 　　嚴律即梵網理智即定慧德行即戒業真化二身 395 X21n0372_p0460b08 　　權實兩教並推孝道則知釋教宗孝明矣。 396 X21n0372_p0460b09 　【疏】故我盧舍那佛最初成正覺時便說華嚴大經 397 X21n0372_p0460b10 　菩薩大戒戒雖萬行以孝為宗故初標云爾時釋 398 X21n0372_p0460b11 　迦牟尼佛初坐菩提樹下成無上正覺初結菩薩 399 X21n0372_p0460b12 　波羅提木叉孝順父母師僧三寶孝順至道之法 400 X21n0372_p0460b13 　(亦同孔聖云至德要道)孝名為戒亦名制止。 401 X21n0372_p0460b14 　　【記】真身實教則梵網為最先化身權教則涅槃為 402 X21n0372_p0460b15 　　終極故引初後攝盡中間初料為二初懸敘說華 403 X21n0372_p0460b16 　　嚴者總舉大部也菩薩戒者別舉最初也故下引 404 X21n0372_p0460b17 　　示為四初標化主問舍那真身而云釋迦者答一 405 X21n0372_p0460b18 　　以化身從舍那傳來故二謂釋迦即是舍那故戒 406 X21n0372_p0460b19 　　經偈云如是千百億盧舍那本身是也二標處所 407 X21n0372_p0460b20 　　謂坐菩提樹樹下得道因名道樹(亦名覺樹)三明得道 408 X21n0372_p0460b21 　　謂成正覺四出所結法謂菩薩波羅提木叉此云 409 X21n0372_p0460b22 　　別別解脫就第四中復有四初標所結名即是木 410 X21n0372_p0460b23 　　叉二能成勝因即孝順父母等三位六別父母生 411 X21n0372_p0460b24 　　育恩師僧法乳恩三寶度脫恩此謂重恩下云六 412 X21n0372_p0460c01 　　道眾生皆是我父母則於一切通須孝順三明能 413 X21n0372_p0460c02 　　得勝果謂至道法(注中會通儒釋語同行別 414 X21n0372_p0460c03 )四結名字(上並依天台疏 415 X21n0372_p0460c03 　　分節)孝名戒者以菩薩戒無非順物皆孝行故名制 416 X21n0372_p0460c04 　　止者於眾生上斷諸惡故。 417 X21n0372_p0460c05 　【疏】涅槃云奇哉父母生育我等受大苦惱滿足十 418 X21n0372_p0460c06 　月惱抱我身既生之後推乾就濕除去不淨大小 419 X21n0372_p0460c07 　便利乳哺長養將護我身以是義故當須報恩隨 420 X21n0372_p0460c08 　順供養。 421 X21n0372_p0460c09 　　【記】初敘恩以是下勸報初中上三句通標苦惱滿 422 X21n0372_p0460c10 　　下別列苦相阿難問經說識託母胎凡經三十八 423 X21n0372_p0460c11 　　箇七日每七一日各有一風吹令變易(名為一轉)計三 424 X21n0372_p0460c12 　　十八箇七日總二百六十六日成九箇月(五 425 X21n0372_p0460c13 大四小故少四日) 426 X21n0372_p0460c13 　　又準五王經自此已前與母同氣爾後四日將欲 427 X21n0372_p0460c14 　　趣產與母別氣則九月四日涉於十月今云滿足 428 X21n0372_p0460c15 　　且論月滿然人受胎長短不定如羅云六年生死 429 X21n0372_p0460c16 　　苦比丘六十年(即脅尊者)老聃八十年亦有五七月者 430 X21n0372_p0460c17 　　故知十月多分為言。 431 X21n0372_p0460c18 　【疏】上通明二教以孝為本竟。 432 X21n0372_p0460c19 　【疏】次別明二教行孝之同異者於中初明其異後 433 X21n0372_p0460c20 　顯其同。 434 X21n0372_p0460c21 　　【記】大論二教在事皆異論心並同故初明異不妨 435 X21n0372_p0460c22 　　自同及後明同還須見異顯儒釋之優劣彰事用 436 X21n0372_p0460c23 　　之淺深欲使儒流歸心釋典故也。 437 X21n0372_p0460c24 　【疏】初謂生前侍養異後謂沒後追思異。 438 X21n0372_p0461a01 　【疏】侍養異者儒宗則慎護髮膚揚名後代故樂春 439 X21n0372_p0461a02 　不出曾子開衾釋教則祝髮壞衣法資現世故優 440 X21n0372_p0461a03 　陀通信淨藏迴邪是謂為善不同同歸于孝。 441 X21n0372_p0461a04 　　【記】初總標二別釋又為二先儒後釋已後諸條分 442 X21n0372_p0461a05 　　文皆爾是謂下後結示儒宗初二句出孝經經曰 443 X21n0372_p0461a06 　　身體髮膚受之父母不敢毀傷孝之始也立身行 444 X21n0372_p0461a07 　　道揚名於後世以顯父母孝之終也樂春者禮記 445 X21n0372_p0461a08 　　云樂正子春(為樂長名子春)下堂而傷其足數月不出猶 446 X21n0372_p0461a09 　　有憂色弟子問其故答曰吾聞諸曾子曾子聞諸 447 X21n0372_p0461a10 　　夫子曰天之所生地之所養唯人為大父母全而 448 X21n0372_p0461a11 　　生之子則全而歸之可謂孝矣不虧其體不辱其 449 X21n0372_p0461a12 　　身可謂全矣君子頃(音跬半步也)步之間而不敢忘孝 450 X21n0372_p0461a13 　　也是以有憂色曾子開衾論語云曾子有疾召門弟 451 X21n0372_p0461a14 　　子曰啟予足啟予手(開衾使視其體衾即被 452 X21n0372_p0461a15 也)詩云戰戰兢兢 453 X21n0372_p0461a15 　　如臨深淵如履薄冰而今而後吾知免夫(言今將死免傷 454 X21n0372_p0461a16 　　於體)釋教中祝髮祝即訓斷謂斷絕也壞衣青黑木 455 X21n0372_p0461a17 　　蘭三如法色如物故壞不同世俗五方正間故也 456 X21n0372_p0461a18 　　法資現世謂說法開悟令歸三寶優陀者普耀經 457 X21n0372_p0461a19 　　云佛告優陀(即佛弟子)我初出家與父母誓若得佛道 458 X21n0372_p0461a20 　　還度父母今已得佛必當還國汝以神足變現迦 459 X21n0372_p0461a21 　　維羅衛令信吾身已成大道優陀奉教化現多瑞 460 X21n0372_p0461a22 　　父乃信佛道果已成(所謂通信也)王問如來幾時還國 461 X21n0372_p0461a23 　　優陀即答七日後來王喜嚴路合國欣仰時佛領 462 X21n0372_p0461a24 　　四眾八部歸國入宮受王供養說法化導王得道 463 X21n0372_p0461b01 　　證(初果)一切親族皆受戒法(此說如來 464 X21n0372_p0461b02 報親優陀但是傳信)淨藏迴 465 X21n0372_p0461b02 　　邪即法華經妙莊嚴王夫人名淨德有二子一名 466 X21n0372_p0461b03 　　淨藏二名淨眼其父信受外道婆羅門法二子現 467 X21n0372_p0461b04 　　種種神變父王心淨信解(所謂迴邪也)共詣宿王華智 468 X21n0372_p0461b05 　　佛所發菩提心彼佛即授王記當得作佛號娑羅 469 X21n0372_p0461b06 　　樹王於是以國付弟與夫人二子出家修道等(二子 470 X21n0372_p0461b07 　　迴邪尚未出家則法資在先祝髮當後)結中 471 X21n0372_p0461b08 上句示異下句顯同尚 472 X21n0372_p0461b08 　　書云為善不同同歸乎治為惡不同同歸乎亂今 473 X21n0372_p0461b09 　　借而用之。 474 X21n0372_p0461b10 　【疏】沒後異者有其三。 475 X21n0372_p0461b11 　【疏】一居喪異儒則棺槨宅兆安墓留形釋則念誦 476 X21n0372_p0461b12 　追齋薦其去識。 477 X21n0372_p0461b13 　　【記】棺槨者周尸曰棺周棺曰槨宅兆即墓穴安墓 478 X21n0372_p0461b14 　　謂置於墓中留形謂不使速朽念誦即通佛名經 479 X21n0372_p0461b15 　　咒追齋謂追慕修齋去識即神靈所住之處。 480 X21n0372_p0461b16 　【疏】二齋忌異儒則內齋外定想其聲容釋則設供 481 X21n0372_p0461b17 　講經資其業報。 482 X21n0372_p0461b18 　　【記】內齋等者儒中凡欲行祭祀先修齋戒禮記祭 483 X21n0372_p0461b19 　　義云致齋於內(三日廟中故曰內齋致謂精 484 X21n0372_p0461b20 至)致齋於外(七日廟外靜定 485 X21n0372_p0461b20 　　其心故曰外定)齋之日思其居處思其語笑思其志意思 486 X21n0372_p0461b21 　　其所樂思其所嗜(所謂想聲容也)設供講經與上念誦追 487 X21n0372_p0461b22 　　齋皆一往趣舉隨力修崇不必楷定業報即所生 488 X21n0372_p0461b23 　　處。 489 X21n0372_p0461b24 　【疏】三終身異儒則四時殺命春夏秋冬釋則三節 490 X21n0372_p0461c01 　放生(一歲終二夏滿三忌辰隨力所及皆須為 491 X21n0372_p0461c02 父母放生命一七乃至七七之數初七諸七卒哭祥 492 X21n0372_p0461c02 　日然今但滿三年)施戒盆會(此經云云)。 493 X21n0372_p0461c03 　　【記】且舉四時須兼月祭三節節即時也註中初示 494 X21n0372_p0461c04 　　三節隨力下次教須行一七至七七且約至少更 495 X21n0372_p0461c05 　　多為善初七下明餘時卒哭即百日祥日即周年 496 X21n0372_p0461c06 　　三年據今至於終身而世中不行故云然今等施 497 X21n0372_p0461c07 　　即布施戒謂受戒。 498 X21n0372_p0461c08 　【疏】良由真宗未至周孔且使繫心(愛禮存 499 X21n0372_p0461c09 羊之類)今知理 500 X21n0372_p0461c09 　有所歸不應猶執權教。 501 X21n0372_p0461c10 　　【記】殺命祭先違仁垂教欲令儒士咸稟佛言不唯 502 X21n0372_p0461c11 　　亡過者脫苦生天抑使生存者懷仁受福初科真 503 X21n0372_p0461c12 　　宗即佛教佛出周時教行西竺故云未至至於後 504 X21n0372_p0461c13 　　漢始流此方若論祭法出於往古且取文典垂世 505 X21n0372_p0461c14 　　故推周公孔子然而周孔皆是大權先制禮法使 506 X21n0372_p0461c15 　　人從善然後佛化易可弘通四時祭祀非本聖意 507 X21n0372_p0461c16 　　故云且使繫心註引論語證成權意彼云子貢欲 508 X21n0372_p0461c17 　　去告明之餼羊(告朔謂月祭生牲曰餼魯自 509 X21n0372_p0461c18 文公不親視朔子貢欲使孔子撤之) 510 X21n0372_p0461c18 　　子曰賜也(召子貢名)爾愛其羊(憫其徒 511 X21n0372_p0461c19 死)我愛其禮(於事雖非且欲 512 X21n0372_p0461c19 　　不廢告朔之禮此見權暫繫心之意也)上二 513 X21n0372_p0461c20 句出立祭本意下二句 514 X21n0372_p0461c20 　　勸捨儒從釋理有歸者放生施戒等必能拔苦故 515 X21n0372_p0461c21 　　權教者儒釋相望則儒教為權釋典皆實就釋教 516 X21n0372_p0461c22 　　中自分權實如別所明。 517 X21n0372_p0461c23 　【疏】且福之大者莫大於施生是梵釋之本因是天 518 X21n0372_p0461c24 　地之大德今殺彼祭此豈近仁心是若可忍孰不 519 X21n0372_p0462a01 　可忍雖云祈福(月令云九月中氣日在氐命有 520 X21n0372_p0462a02 司合秩芻以養犧牲乃至以祠宗廟之靈 521 X21n0372_p0462a02 　為人祈福)實是立讎自徇虛名殃於神道(故 522 X21n0372_p0462a03 途中有歌哭二類)。 523 X21n0372_p0462a03 　　【記】初四句敘放生之德上二句標放生者謂不殺 524 X21n0372_p0462a04 　　物命是與其生下二句釋言福無如梵釋論德豈 525 X21n0372_p0462a05 　　過天地此二備舉三才復兼兩教梵王修四等則 526 X21n0372_p0462a06 　　慈心為首(四等即慈悲喜捨亦名四弘四無 527 X21n0372_p0462a07 量心)帝釋修十善則不 528 X21n0372_p0462a07 　　殺居初(十善不殺不盜等)易曰天地之大 529 X21n0372_p0462a08 德曰生(天地以生物為德) 530 X21n0372_p0462a08 　　又曰大哉乾元萬物資始天資地成品物全生生 531 X21n0372_p0462a09 　　生無極德莫大焉今下次顯行殺之過又二初斥 532 X21n0372_p0462a10 　　其違行儒宗以推愛及物為仁今既殺害他命祭 533 X21n0372_p0462a11 　　我祖考深乖仁行行既不仁則非君子矣是若等 534 X21n0372_p0462a12 　　者謂若此不仁之事尚忍為之則更有何事是不 535 X21n0372_p0462a13 　　可忍耶雖下責其妄執初句標所執祈福之言出 536 X21n0372_p0462a14 　　禮記月令祈求也註中每月有二氣寒露為九月 537 X21n0372_p0462a15 　　節霜降為九月中(二氣之中謂之中氣)日 538 X21n0372_p0462a16 在氐謂太陽躔氐 539 X21n0372_p0462a16 　　宿命有司謂掌祭之官合秩芻合聚也秩芻即草 540 X21n0372_p0462a17 　　犧牲純色牛羊豕乃至者略中間三句彼云以供 541 X21n0372_p0462a18 　　皇天上帝名山大川四方之神次句彰非淨名云 542 X21n0372_p0462a19 　　是殺生是殺生報佛說因果報應絲毫不差故云 543 X21n0372_p0462a20 　　實也讎謂怨對下二句正責徇循也虛名即祈福 544 X21n0372_p0462a21 　　之言神道即祖上幽靈註引事證出譬喻經彼云 545 X21n0372_p0462a22 　　餓鬼五百歌舞而行好人五百啼泣而過或有問 546 X21n0372_p0462a23 　　佛佛言餓鬼家子孫為其作福當得解脫故歌好 547 X21n0372_p0462a24 　　人家子孫唯行殺害將受大苦故哭。 548 X21n0372_p0462b01 　【疏】問若父母生於餘趣則可改祭為齋如墮鬼中 549 X21n0372_p0462b02 　寧無饗祀答黍稷非馨蘋蘩可薦應知礿祭勝於 550 X21n0372_p0462b03 　殺牛況鬼神等差豈皆受饗。 551 X21n0372_p0462b04 　　【記】問中以生鬼趣容受饗祀若令改祭則非考誠 552 X21n0372_p0462b05 　　答中有二初明行祭在誠宜用蔬素替之不必殺 553 X21n0372_p0462b06 　　命初句出尚書武王命君陳曰(君陳臣名)我聞至治馨 554 X21n0372_p0462b07 　　香感于神明黍稷非馨明德惟馨(鬼神享德 555 X21n0372_p0462b08 而不享物)次句 556 X21n0372_p0462b08 　　出左傳文云苟有明信澗溪沼沚之毛(苔草)蘋蘩蘊 557 X21n0372_p0462b09 　　藻之菜(蘋即大萍蘩即是蒿薀音溫節中生 558 X21n0372_p0462b10 菜藻即水藻)筐筥錡釜之器 559 X21n0372_p0462b10 　　(方筐圓筥無足釜有足錡筥音舉錡音蟻) 560 X21n0372_p0462b11 潢汙行潦之水(潢音黃汙音烏停水也潦音老 561 X21n0372_p0462b11 　　行跡水也)可薦於鬼神(祭祀)可羞於王 562 X21n0372_p0462b12 公(羞謂進獻)應下二句 563 X21n0372_p0462b12 　　出周易文曰東降殺牛(殷紂厚祭)不如西鄰之禴祭實 564 X21n0372_p0462b13 　　受其福(西伯文王薄祭祭祀尚德故厚不如 565 X21n0372_p0462b14 薄)況下二明鬼趣不同 566 X21n0372_p0462b14 　　不必皆饗且用蔬素亦可表心矣下明三品九類 567 X21n0372_p0462b15 　　唯多財鬼有食可噉又中含云人死祭祝者若生 568 X21n0372_p0462b16 　　入處餓鬼中者得食餘趣不得由各有活命故(入處 569 X21n0372_p0462b17 　　鬼者鬼中別類之名)。 570 X21n0372_p0462b18 　【疏】上明異竟。 571 X21n0372_p0462b19 　【疏】次顯其同者復有二初明存沒同後明罪福同。 572 X21n0372_p0462b20 　【疏】今初約紀孝行章中五句之文以辨其同即攝 573 X21n0372_p0462b21 　於生前沒後也。 574 X21n0372_p0462b22 　　【記】紀孝行章即孝經第十章五句中前三攝生前 575 X21n0372_p0462b23 　　後二屬沒後。 576 X21n0372_p0462b24 　【疏】一云居則致其敬者儒則別於犬馬釋則舉身 577 X21n0372_p0462c01 　七多。 578 X21n0372_p0462c02 　　【記】居謂平居之時儒中別犬馬者論語云子游問 579 X21n0372_p0462c03 　　孝子曰今之孝者是謂能養(衣食直養)至於犬馬皆能 580 X21n0372_p0462c04 　　有養(養通餘類)不敬何以別乎(養親不 581 X21n0372_p0462c05 敬則與養餘類無以簡別)釋中 582 X21n0372_p0462c05 　　即佛初成道還本國時淨飯王嚴駕出迎見佛作 583 X21n0372_p0462c06 　　禮佛即踊身虛空高七多羅樹(一多羅高七 584 X21n0372_p0462c07 仞一仞七尺合數可見) 585 X21n0372_p0462c07 　　禮訖下地發言起居等佛為世間慈父猶故敬親 586 X21n0372_p0462c08 　　不正受禮意使將來以此為法。 587 X21n0372_p0462c09 　【疏】二養則致其樂者儒則怡聲下氣溫清定省等 588 X21n0372_p0462c10 　也故有扇床溫席之流釋則節量信毀分減衣缽 589 X21n0372_p0462c11 　等也故有割肉充飢之類(須闍太子)。 590 X21n0372_p0462c12 　　【記】儒中曲禮云父母有過下氣怡聲以諫之又云 591 X21n0372_p0462c13 　　凡為人子之禮冬溫而夏清(溫帝扇床清音 592 X21n0372_p0462c14 倩涼也)昏定而 593 X21n0372_p0462c14 　　晨省(定衾枕省安居)故下舉事東觀漢記云黃香孝廉無 594 X21n0372_p0462c15 　　婢僕躬執勤勞竭力侍養暑則扇床枕寒則以身 595 X21n0372_p0462c16 　　溫席釋中節謂節約量即觀量信毀謂信與不信 596 X21n0372_p0462c17 　　僧祇律云父母不信三寶即少供信即恣與減衣 597 X21n0372_p0462c18 　　缽者若三衣一缽理無與俗或恐字誤合云衣食 598 X21n0372_p0462c19 　　然今世俗謂僧長物以為衣缽或恐疏主隨俗為 599 X21n0372_p0462c20 　　言此謂貧乏故須分減必自富足不須強與施物 600 X21n0372_p0462c21 　　難消反成罪累割肉充飢大報恩經云須闍太子 601 X21n0372_p0462c22 　　父母被賊所篡逃逝外國失路絕糧乃割己肉供 602 X21n0372_p0462c23 　　須父母令達前路。 603 X21n0372_p0462c24 　【疏】三病則致其憂者儒中如文帝先嘗湯藥武王 604 X21n0372_p0463a01 　不脫冠帶釋中如太子以肉為藥高僧以身而擔。 605 X21n0372_p0463a02 　　【記】儒中漢書云文帝母疾病踰年文帝目不睫不 606 X21n0372_p0463a03 　　解衣冠湯藥不嘗不進禮記云文王有疾武王不 607 X21n0372_p0463a04 　　脫衣冠而養文王一飯亦一飯文王再飯亦再飯 608 X21n0372_p0463a05 　　旬有二日乃間(間謂病差)釋中大報恩經云忍辱太子父 609 X21n0372_p0463a06 　　母病重毉者云須不瞋人肉為藥太子自念生來 610 X21n0372_p0463a07 　　不瞋因名忍辱可充此藥又念國中設有不瞋者 611 X21n0372_p0463a08 　　如何取彼救我親乎遂自割肉充藥厥疾乃瘳(音抽) 612 X21n0372_p0463a09 　　唐僧傳云高齋道紀往必荷擔不恥微行經書塔 613 X21n0372_p0463a10 　　像為一頭老母掃帚為一頭齊佛境內有塔斯掃 614 X21n0372_p0463a11 　　每語人曰經不云乎掃僧地如閻浮不如佛地一 615 X21n0372_p0463a12 　　掌者由智田勝也親供母者福與登地菩薩齊也 616 X21n0372_p0463a13 　　至於便利女人經理不許人兼或有助者紀曰母 617 X21n0372_p0463a14 　　吾母也非他之母形骸之累並吾身也有身必有 618 X21n0372_p0463a15 　　苦何得以苦勞人所以身為苦先幸勿相助。 619 X21n0372_p0463a16 　【疏】四喪則致其哀者儒有武丁不言子皋泣血釋 620 X21n0372_p0463a17 　有目連大呼調御舁棺(於儒禮雖不同而亦哀有餘也)。 621 X21n0372_p0463a18 　　【記】儒中武丁殷高宗名論語子張問曰高宗諒陰 622 X21n0372_p0463a19 　　三年不言何謂也(信任百官陰默三年)子 623 X21n0372_p0463a20 曰何必高宗古之 624 X21n0372_p0463a20 　　人皆然子皋即高柴禮記云高子皋執親之喪也 625 X21n0372_p0463a21 　　泣血三年(泣無聲如血下)未嘗見齒(少 626 X21n0372_p0463a22 言笑故)釋中目連緣如 627 X21n0372_p0463a22 　　後釋調御即佛通號對舉曰舁增一阿含經云淨 628 X21n0372_p0463a23 　　飯王崩白棺殮佛與難陀在前阿難羅云在後 629 X21n0372_p0463a24 　　難陀白佛父王養我願聽擔棺阿難羅云亦爾佛 630 X21n0372_p0463b01 　　念當來兇暴不報父母故躬自擔棺大千六反震 631 X21n0372_p0463b02 　　動釋梵諸天皆來赴喪代佛擔之佛執香鑪前引 632 X21n0372_p0463b03 　　就山註中以此門明同而引事全別故特點之上 633 X21n0372_p0463b04 　　句示事異下句明哀同而哀又過之故云有餘後 634 X21n0372_p0463b05 　　註亦然準前三句例須通會儒釋事別敬樂憂同。 635 X21n0372_p0463b06 　【疏】五祭則致其嚴者儒有薦筍釋有餉飯之類也 636 X21n0372_p0463b07 　(嚴雖有異祭意大同)。 637 X21n0372_p0463b08 　　【記】嚴謂精嚴儒中孝德傳云西晉孟宗為郎中母 638 X21n0372_p0463b09 　　喪委官而歸母性嗜筍宗每當時供奉母亡後冬 639 X21n0372_p0463b10 　　至欲以筍祭乃入竹園哀告天地乃得以薦之餉 640 X21n0372_p0463b11 　　飯即目連事如下引餉猶獻也。 641 X21n0372_p0463b12 　【疏】以至教未來難弘報應故先且立於祭法令敬 642 X21n0372_p0463b13 　事於神靈。 643 X21n0372_p0463b14 　　【記】至教即佛法報應即三世因果言且立者示權 644 X21n0372_p0463b15 　　義也。 645 X21n0372_p0463b16 　【疏】神靈則父母之識性是顯祖考之常存既形滅 646 X21n0372_p0463b17 　而神不滅豈厚形而薄神乎餘如前辨。 647 X21n0372_p0463b18 　　【記】上二句會異前引月令云四方之神宗廟之靈 648 X21n0372_p0463b19 　　儒謂神靈即佛教識性靈識不滅所謂常存下二 649 X21n0372_p0463b20 　　句反責儒教尚形生事死葬及祭等禮皆為重形 650 X21n0372_p0463b21 　　言厚形者謂但行祭祀言薄神者謂不嚴去識若 651 X21n0372_p0463b22 　　稟佛教則厚神而薄形矣形同朽木不足可貴神 652 X21n0372_p0463b23 　　是心靈特須濟拔下句指前即明異中。 653 X21n0372_p0463b24 　【疏】上來存沒同竟。 654 X21n0372_p0463c01 　【疏】次辨罪福同。 655 X21n0372_p0463c02 　【疏】罪同者儒則條越五刑犯當五擿而恩赦不該 656 X21n0372_p0463c03 　釋則名標七逆戒黜七遮而阿鼻定入。 657 X21n0372_p0463c04 　　【記】儒中五刑者墨(墨額)劓(魚器反 658 X21n0372_p0463c05 截鼻)剕(音費截腳)宮(男去勢女幽閉) 659 X21n0372_p0463c05 　　大辟(音闢死也)此古五刑笞杖徒流死為今五刑古今 660 X21n0372_p0463c06 　　雖殊而五逆罪不在其內故云條越孝經云五刑 661 X21n0372_p0463c07 　　之屬三千而罪莫大於不孝(言在五刑之外)五擿以五車 662 X21n0372_p0463c08 　　繫五體縱橫裂之三十國春秋云池湯用妻言將 663 X21n0372_p0463c09 　　母於山中殺之秦王聞令以五車殺之恩赦不該 664 X21n0372_p0463c10 　　者縱有大赦必先除五逆例不該赦赦即放也釋 665 X21n0372_p0463c11 　　中小乘五逆殺父害母殺阿羅漢出佛身血破和 666 X21n0372_p0463c12 　　合僧大乘更加殺和尚闍黎名為七逆(梵網中殺聖人即殺 667 X21n0372_p0463c13 　　阿羅漢也)戒黜者謂七逆之人戒法簡退並是戒障故 668 X21n0372_p0463c14 　　名七遮梵網云若有七遮者師不應與受戒無者 669 X21n0372_p0463c15 　　得受觀佛相好經說犯逆為阿鼻因阿鼻此翻無 670 X21n0372_p0463c16 　　間涅槃云間無暫樂故云無間又一人獨墮此獄 671 X21n0372_p0463c17 　　身遍獄中間無空處(其獄四方交過通徹八 672 X21n0372_p0463c18 萬由旬身與獄等不相彰礙)。 673 X21n0372_p0463c18 　【疏】福同者儒則旌於門閭上天之報釋則瑩於戒 674 X21n0372_p0463c19 　德淨土之因(如觀經說當修三福一孝養父母 675 X21n0372_p0463c20 等乃至此三種業是三世諸佛淨土正 676 X21n0372_p0463c20 　因)。 677 X21n0372_p0463c21 　　【記】儒中國家凡於州縣有行孝者即賜旌表榜其 678 X21n0372_p0463c22 　　門閭斯亦勸獎之意上天報者以釋校儒盡誠行 679 X21n0372_p0463c23 　　孝必得生天上句現福下句來報(舊謂舜行 680 X21n0372_p0463c24 孝堯以二女妻之等 681 X21n0372_p0463c24 　　為上天報者非對下釋教於義頗疏)釋中瑩 682 X21n0372_p0464a01 戒德者孝名為戒行孝 683 X21n0372_p0464a01 　　則戒德清白註中文略應從父母字下接云奉事 684 X21n0372_p0464a02 　　師長慈心不殺修十善業二者受持三歸具足眾 685 X21n0372_p0464a03 　　戒不犯威儀三者發菩提心深信因果讀誦大乘 686 X21n0372_p0464a04 　　勸進行者如是三事名為淨業餘如註引。 687 X21n0372_p0464a05 　【疏】上來總彰孝道竟。 688 X21n0372_p0464a06 　【疏】次當第四示勝田者。 689 X21n0372_p0464a07 　【疏】喻如世間人欲得倉廩中五穀豐盈歲歲不乏 690 X21n0372_p0464a08 　者必須取穀麥種子以牛犁耕於田地而種之不 691 X21n0372_p0464a09 　種則竭盡也。 692 X21n0372_p0464a10 　　【記】舉喻可解五穀謂麻黍稷麥荳也。 693 X21n0372_p0464a11 　【疏】法中亦爾以悲心敬心孝心為種子以衣食財 694 X21n0372_p0464a12 　帛身命為牛犁以貧病三寶父母為田地。 695 X21n0372_p0464a13 　　【記】悲心對貧病悲田敬心對下三寶敬田孝心對 696 X21n0372_p0464a14 　　下父母恩田衣食為外財身命為內財。 697 X21n0372_p0464a15 　【疏】有佛弟子欲得藏識中百福莊嚴生生無盡者 698 X21n0372_p0464a16 　須運悲敬孝心將衣食財帛身命敬養供給於貧 699 X21n0372_p0464a17 　病三寶父母名為種福也不種即貧窮無福慧入 700 X21n0372_p0464a18 　生死險道謂種福之田如種穀之田名為福田也。 701 X21n0372_p0464a19 　　【記】佛弟子合上世人藏識合倉廩等須運下合上 702 X21n0372_p0464a20 　　取種子等不下合上竭盡謂下示名上云三田皆 703 X21n0372_p0464a21 　　可種福通號福田福田之名法喻合舉。 704 X21n0372_p0464a22 　【疏】然種子有精新乾焦田有肥濃確瘦如悲敬孝 705 X21n0372_p0464a23 　心有懇切閑慢貧有淺深病有輕重佛有真化化 706 X21n0372_p0464a24 　有住世入滅法有小大教有權實僧有持毀父母 707 X21n0372_p0464b01 　有所生七世一一配肥瘦之田昭然可見。 708 X21n0372_p0464b02 　　【記】初舉喻確瘦謂瘠薄之地如下配法初配種子 709 X21n0372_p0464b03 　　懇切如精新閑慢如乾焦貧下二配田地有三初 710 X21n0372_p0464b04 　　配悲田淺輕如瘦深重如肥佛下配敬田佛則真 711 X21n0372_p0464b05 　　住為濃化滅為瘦法則權小為瘦實大為肥僧則 712 X21n0372_p0464b06 　　毀戒為瘦持奉為肥父母下配恩田所生為肥七 713 X21n0372_p0464b07 　　世為瘦。 714 X21n0372_p0464b08 　【疏】今盂蘭供會具三種肥田故云勝也謂佛歡喜 715 X21n0372_p0464b09 　日供養自恣淨戒大德敬田勝也報父母恩恩田 716 X21n0372_p0464b10 　勝也父母在厄難中悲田勝也為欲示此勝田故 717 X21n0372_p0464b11 　說此經。 718 X21n0372_p0464b12 　　【記】初總標謂下別示敬田中佛歡喜是佛寶自恣 719 X21n0372_p0464b13 　　是法寶淨戒大德是僧寶恩田是今正宗悲田本 720 X21n0372_p0464b14 　　濟貧病今舉厄難以意取之即下經云當為七世 721 X21n0372_p0464b15 　　現世父母厄難中者是也為下結顯。 722 X21n0372_p0464b16 　【疏】第二藏乘所攝者藏謂三藏乘謂五乘。 723 X21n0372_p0464b17 　　【記】藏能含蘊乘能運載故以比焉三藏約教五乘 724 X21n0372_p0464b18 　　約行。 725 X21n0372_p0464b19 　【疏】三藏者。 726 X21n0372_p0464b20 　【疏】一修多羅此云契經契者契理契機經者佛地 727 X21n0372_p0464b21 　論云貫攝為義謂貫穿所應知義攝持所化眾生 728 X21n0372_p0464b22 　故此教於三學中詮於定學。 729 X21n0372_p0464b23 　　【記】初翻名亦名修妒路契者下次釋義初釋契義 730 X21n0372_p0464b24 　　契理者皆如實故契機者能隨宜故契即合也次 731 X21n0372_p0464c01 　　釋經義論中貫穿義者持於名理也攝持眾生者 732 X21n0372_p0464c02 　　被於物機也此下結判詮即顯也。 733 X21n0372_p0464c03 　【疏】二毗奈耶此云調伏調謂調練三業伏謂制伏 734 X21n0372_p0464c04 　過非此教詮於戒學。 735 X21n0372_p0464c05 　　【記】翻名釋義並據一端亦云毗那耶毗尼等古翻 736 X21n0372_p0464c06 　　為滅正翻為律調練對治是作持行制伏離過即 737 X21n0372_p0464c07 　　止持行。 738 X21n0372_p0464c08 　【疏】三阿毗達磨此云對法法謂涅槃四諦對謂對 739 X21n0372_p0464c09 　向對觀其能對者即無漏慧此教詮於慧學。 740 X21n0372_p0464c10 　　【記】初翻名亦云阿毗曇法謂下釋義涅槃是所向 741 X21n0372_p0464c11 　　果四諦即所觀理二皆屬境對向配涅槃對觀配 742 X21n0372_p0464c12 　　四諦二並屬智無漏慧者初果已去斷惑智也。 743 X21n0372_p0464c13 　【疏】然經是化教開誘化導也律是制教制約行業 744 X21n0372_p0464c14 　也論則推徵解釋。 745 X21n0372_p0464c15 　　【記】開誘化導者但開信解任物違從制約行業者 746 X21n0372_p0464c16 　　必使修持不容違背論中推徵解釋該上化制經 747 X21n0372_p0464c17 　　律各局論則兩通。 748 X21n0372_p0464c18 　【疏】今此盂蘭盆據其名題即化教所攝屬於經藏 749 X21n0372_p0465a01 　據其義意亦制教攝屬於律藏(制比丘等年年 750 X21n0372_p0465a02 自恣日行此法故)。 751 X21n0372_p0465a02 　　【記】據名題者題云經故據義意者如註顯故今詳 752 X21n0372_p0465a03 　　後判誠所未安且約藏攝經要知所屬若依兩判 753 X21n0372_p0465a04 　　未審此經定屬何藏一不可也又題標經義義必 754 X21n0372_p0465a05 　　應題若謂據題屬經據義屬律是則題與義別兩 755 X21n0372_p0465a06 　　不相應二不可也又經中但云行慈孝者皆應先 756 X21n0372_p0465a07 　　為父母作盂蘭盆又云是佛弟子修孝順者應念 757 X21n0372_p0465a08 　　念中常憶父母為作盂蘭盆等此乃通途勸導正 758 X21n0372_p0465a09 　　是化義何嘗定制比丘等年年行耶三不可也又 759 X21n0372_p0465a10 　　南山云化教通於道俗行教唯局內眾(即制教也)準下 760 X21n0372_p0465a11 　　具列國王太子百官萬民通明道俗非專內眾四 761 X21n0372_p0465a12 　　不可也又下疏云制令必為不為即是違制且律 762 X21n0372_p0465a13 　　明違制必須結犯今不行蘭盆為結何罪五不可 763 X21n0372_p0465a14 　　也此由不達化制遂致乖疏義學存公無宜執舊。 764 X21n0372_p0465a15 　【疏】五乘者乘以運載為名五謂人天聲聞緣覺菩 765 X21n0372_p0465a16 　薩此五力有大小載有遠近。 766 X21n0372_p0465a17 　　【記】初示名五下列位人乘力小載近菩薩力大載 767 X21n0372_p0465a18 　　遠中間三位望前則大遠望後則少近菩薩乘者 768 X21n0372_p0465a19 　　從此因名云佛乘則從果號。 769 X21n0372_p0465a20 　【疏】一人乘謂三歸五戒運載眾生越於三塗生於 770 X21n0372_p0465a21 　人道其猶小艇過溪澗。 771 X21n0372_p0465a22 　　【記】初標二釋釋中先法後喻法中有所乘法所越 772 X21n0372_p0465a23 　　境所感報下三例此分之三歸則從師作法歸投 773 X21n0372_p0465a24 　　三寶五戒謂不殺不盜不邪淫不妄語不飲酒纔 774 X21n0372_p0465b01 　　猶略也。 775 X21n0372_p0465b02 　【疏】二天乘謂上品十善及四禪八定運載眾生越 776 X21n0372_p0465b03 　於四洲達於上界如次越小江河。 777 X21n0372_p0465b04 　　【記】十善分三品下品修羅中品生人上品生欲界 778 X21n0372_p0465b05 　　天四禪別舉色界異上界故八定總色無色俱不 779 X21n0372_p0465b06 　　動業故四洲欲界下地是所越境上界通指三天 780 X21n0372_p0465b07 　　即所感報若第論所越則十善越四洲四禪越欲 781 X21n0372_p0465b08 　　有四空越色有。 782 X21n0372_p0465b09 　【疏】三聲聞乘謂四諦法門四緣覺乘謂十二因緣 783 X21n0372_p0465b10 　法門皆運載眾生越於三界到有餘無餘涅槃成 784 X21n0372_p0465b11 　阿羅漢及辟支佛皆如大船越大江河。 785 X21n0372_p0465b12 　　【記】聲聞緣覺乘法雖殊所越所到二皆無異故合 786 X21n0372_p0465b13 　　明之結惑已盡若依身在名有餘涅槃化火焚身 787 X21n0372_p0465b14 　　身智俱亡名無餘涅槃。 788 X21n0372_p0465b15 　【疏】五菩薩乘謂悲智六度法門運載眾生總超三 789 X21n0372_p0465b16 　界三乘之境至無上菩提大般涅槃之彼岸如乘 790 X21n0372_p0465b17 　舶過海。 791 X21n0372_p0465b18 　　【記】下化故悲上求故智施戒進忍禪智為六修此 792 X21n0372_p0465b19 　　六法能至彼岸故云六度越三界出分段也越三 793 X21n0372_p0465b20 　　乘出變易也菩提涅槃即佛果菩提翻覺揀二乘 794 X21n0372_p0465b21 　　自覺菩薩未滿故云無上涅槃翻寂滅揀前小乘 795 X21n0372_p0465b22 　　故云大也舶大船也。 796 X21n0372_p0465b23 　【疏】今此經者是人天乘所攝在小乘藏中。 797 X21n0372_p0465b24 　　【記】圭峰判釋依賢首宗彼立小乘有二一者人天 798 X21n0372_p0465c01 　　二即二乘此經猶非小乘但攝屬小乘耳今應問 799 X21n0372_p0465c02 　　曰如此判經為從何義(孤山云約所救人說 800 X21n0372_p0465c03 )若謂目連母脫 801 X21n0372_p0465c03 　　苦生天而云人天者且目連母亦止生天那得兼 802 X21n0372_p0465c04 　　人又生天之語遍諸大乘如法華云書寫是經命 803 X21n0372_p0465c05 　　終當生忉利天上受持讀誦即往兜率天等又梵 804 X21n0372_p0465c06 　　網云講說菩薩戒福資亡者生人天上又云受持 805 X21n0372_p0465c07 　　菩薩戒者常生人道天中等即應皆屬人天教耶 806 X21n0372_p0465c08 　　又上所明人天兩乘行果全別如何一混而云人 807 X21n0372_p0465c09 　　天既云攝教須定所歸畢竟此經為歸何攝又彰 808 X21n0372_p0465c10 　　孝道中引華嚴涅槃對明釋教以孝為本既引圓 809 X21n0372_p0465c11 　　頓終窮了義而彰孝道如何判教止在人天又歸 810 X21n0372_p0465c12 　　敬偈云累劫報親恩積因成正覺則顯孝行深通 811 X21n0372_p0465c13 　　佛乘及乎判經而云人天豈非前後自相違耶又 812 X21n0372_p0465c14 　　孤山記中釋歸敬偈則明同體三寶乃云真如性 813 X21n0372_p0465c15 　　中有覺了軌持和合義故又釋離苦安樂乃云得 814 X21n0372_p0465c16 　　無上菩提大涅槃常樂我淨四德之樂又釋主成 815 X21n0372_p0465c17 　　就即云了迷即真而妄菩提即煩惱故了悟即妄 816 X21n0372_p0465c18 　　而真煩惱即菩提故又釋異熟果即明八識真異 817 X21n0372_p0465c19 　　熟等既用大乘名義釋上諸文則不當判為人天 818 X21n0372_p0465c20 　　小教既約人天小教判此一經則不當用大乘名 819 X21n0372_p0465c21 　　義釋上諸文又釋十地大人權現乃云即同法華 820 X21n0372_p0465c22 　　內秘菩薩外現聲聞仍自問云今經與法華何別 821 X21n0372_p0465c23 　　既以此經判屬人天那將法華挍其同別是知疏 822 X21n0372_p0465c24 　　記宗途紊亂始末差訛歷代同迷莫知體究且夫 823 X21n0372_p0466a01 　　人天為教唯被極鈍之機令脫三途容可受道未 824 X21n0372_p0466a02 　　免生死非佛本懷是故天台四教不列人天南山 825 X21n0372_p0466a03 　　二疏唯存聖道乃曰為道制戒本非世福天主人 826 X21n0372_p0466a04 　　王咸興有教佛還說有則與凡同等請尋祖訓深 827 X21n0372_p0466a05 　　究佛心豈唯洞曉一經抑乃通明大化矣今詳此 828 X21n0372_p0466a06 　　經三藏之中定屬經藏化教所收五乘之中定屬 829 X21n0372_p0466a07 　　菩薩大乘所攝然凡論判教一觀正宗所詮行相 830 X21n0372_p0466a08 　　二考聽眾結益淺深三求文義意趣優劣行是一 831 X21n0372_p0466a09 　　經之主益乃被物之功文即能詮之體用斯以判 832 X21n0372_p0466a10 　　無往不通初明行者且通論孝行則有多途若同 833 X21n0372_p0466a11 　　儒宗純孝奉親止是世報人天行也若如目連為 834 X21n0372_p0466a12 　　親修道果成羅漢即是小乘聲聞行也若同前引 835 X21n0372_p0466a13 　　華嚴涅槃十六觀經並是菩薩大乘之行次局就 836 X21n0372_p0466a14 　　今經唯專大行良以於自恣日設供報恩一運已 837 X21n0372_p0466a15 　　誠二兼他力無論存沒不簡自他憫物傾財拔苦 838 X21n0372_p0466a16 　　與樂既非小行須歸大乘故經云吾今當說救濟 839 X21n0372_p0466a17 　　之法令一切難皆離憂苦且一切之語遍該生境 840 X21n0372_p0466a18 　　豈止吾親離苦之言畢超二死非唯鬼趣即梵網 841 X21n0372_p0466a19 　　云一切眾生皆我父母我生生無不從之受生即 842 X21n0372_p0466a20 　　前所謂累劫報恩積因成佛準斯明據大教何疑 843 X21n0372_p0466a21 　　二明結益謂經家結示同聞之眾開悟證入故云 844 X21n0372_p0466a22 　　結益非謂約彼所救之人即如經云目連比丘及 845 X21n0372_p0466a23 　　大菩薩眾皆大歡喜若是小行人天凡福豈得大 846 X21n0372_p0466a24 　　菩薩眾聞皆歡喜既云歡喜即是開悟增發大心 847 X21n0372_p0466b01 　　故下引恩重經結益云帝釋諸天發菩提心豈非 848 X21n0372_p0466b02 　　明證彼經又云若善男女能為父母受持此大乘 849 X21n0372_p0466b03 　　摩訶般若一句一偈一經耳目五逆重罪悉得消 850 X21n0372_p0466b04 　　滅二經同類而彼明標大乘決無疑矣三明文義 851 X21n0372_p0466b05 　　一者如上示行文二者即前結益文三同聞之眾 852 X21n0372_p0466b06 　　有大菩薩四受供僧中有十地權化安有小教而 853 X21n0372_p0466b07 　　談十地示權耶五智昇法師大藏目錄判在大乘 854 X21n0372_p0466b08 　　深符經旨而孤山記中輒斥為謬秉筆垂訓率易 855 X21n0372_p0466b09 　　若此且錄中所判一代時經如何此經獨指為謬 856 X21n0372_p0466b10 　　(古錄有判小乘者已為昇師所破)世多執 857 X21n0372_p0466b11 諍不免繁辭幸依法而 858 X21n0372_p0466b11 　　勿依人豈聞義而不能從所慮淹沉至教抑塞來 859 X21n0372_p0466b12 　　蒙誠不遑安固非好辯宗師不黨試為裁之。 860 X21n0372_p0466b13 　【疏】三辯定宗旨者此經以孝順設供拔苦報恩為 861 X21n0372_p0466b14 　宗今以二門分別一釋行相二配句數。 862 X21n0372_p0466b15 　　【記】總分有四孝順是心設供是事拔苦是功報恩 863 X21n0372_p0466b16 　　是用今詳經宗宗是主義國無二主安得有四今 864 X21n0372_p0466b17 　　立報恩為宗餘三任運自攝經文首標欲報父母 865 X21n0372_p0466b18 　　乳哺之恩斯一證也又疏引三譯第三立題為報 866 X21n0372_p0466b19 　　恩經斯二證也且依疏釋學者宜知。 867 X21n0372_p0466b20 　【疏】初者謂目連本為孝誠欲酬恩德力所未及故 868 X21n0372_p0466b21 　先出家是以始得六通便觀三界見其亡母生餓 869 X21n0372_p0466b22 　鬼中(諸得道人未必皆為父母即驗目連為欲 870 X21n0372_p0466b23 報恩故出家也)雖餉香餐旋成 871 X21n0372_p0466b23 　猛火悲號投佛奉教設盆拔冥塗身脫一劫苦不 872 X21n0372_p0466b24 　辜生育大報劬勞細詳經宗備斯四義。 873 X21n0372_p0466c01 　　【記】初敘孝順註文遮疑恐疑諸聖入道皆因親故 874 X21n0372_p0466c02 　　始得便觀故云即驗雖下敘設供旋字平呼尋也 875 X21n0372_p0466c03 　　拔下敘拔苦不下敘報恩末後二句總結。 876 X21n0372_p0466c04 　【疏】二配句數者有四四句。 877 X21n0372_p0466c05 　【疏】一孝順兩字自有四句一孝而非順如三牲之 878 X21n0372_p0466c06 　養等二順而非孝如病索禁忌之食而即供欲行 879 X21n0372_p0466c07 　非為之事而不諫等三亦孝亦順謂有隱無犯三 880 X21n0372_p0466c08 　諫而隨順色觀志三年無改四非孝非順如水中 881 X21n0372_p0466c09 　葬父之類。 882 X21n0372_p0466c10 　　【記】第一句孝經云居上不驕為下不亂在醜不爭 883 X21n0372_p0466c11 　　(醜即眾也)居上而驕則亡為下而亂則刑在醜而爭則 884 X21n0372_p0466c12 　　兵(兵謂兵鬥)三者不除雖日用三牲之養猶為不孝也 885 X21n0372_p0466c13 　　(彼謂不孝今云孝者以其非不盡養但不能 886 X21n0372_p0466c14 修己故云非順)第二句供忌食惡 887 X21n0372_p0466c14 　　不諫是順而非愛親故非孝孝經云父有爭子則 888 X21n0372_p0466c15 　　身不陷於不義故當不義則爭之從父之令又焉 889 X21n0372_p0466c16 　　得為孝乎第三句中禮記云事親有隱而無犯(當隱 890 X21n0372_p0466c17 　　過幾諫不犯顏)事君有犯而無隱(當犯顏 891 X21n0372_p0466c18 直諫言其得失)事師無犯 892 X21n0372_p0466c18 　　無隱(雖不犯顏容言得失事親是恩事君是 893 X21n0372_p0466c19 義師則恩義之間)三諫隨者禮云 894 X21n0372_p0466c19 　　子之事親也三諫而不聽則號泣而隨之順色者 895 X21n0372_p0466c20 　　論語云子夏問孝子曰色難註云承順顏色乃為 896 X21n0372_p0466c21 　　難也觀志者禮記曾子曰君子之謂孝者先意承 897 X21n0372_p0466c22 　　志諭父母孝道(此謂子觀父志頗合文意與 898 X21n0372_p0466c23 下論語言同意別或可字誤合云承志) 899 X21n0372_p0466c23 　　三年無改者論語云父在觀其志父沒觀其行三 900 X21n0372_p0466c24 　　年無改於父之道可謂孝矣四中世傳昆子(有作渾子) 901 X21n0372_p0467a01 　　水葬父在昆明池中由子不孝多違於父父令棄 902 X21n0372_p0467a02 　　水意使土葬而子特順之反是不順。 903 X21n0372_p0467a03 　【疏】二以孝順與設供相對復為四句一孝順非設 904 X21n0372_p0467a04 　供如董黯王祥等二設供非孝順為己求福而修 905 X21n0372_p0467a05 　齊等三俱是即盂蘭盆會四俱非謂逆而慳也。 906 X21n0372_p0467a06 　　【記】初句孝德傳云董黯會稽人(碑作句 907 X21n0372_p0467a07 章人)少孤養母 908 X21n0372_p0467a07 　　承顏致樂雖貧而充鄰有惡人令母常憂雖富而 909 X21n0372_p0467a08 　　瘁因相問之鄰人怒候黯不在遂擊其母母告黯 910 X21n0372_p0467a09 　　黯恨至母終葬訖(謂盧墓三年服除已)遂 911 X21n0372_p0467a10 殺鄰人將頭以獻 912 X21n0372_p0467a10 　　之曰孃知始在侍養今養終讎訖自投官聲罪會 913 X21n0372_p0467a11 　　赦免之王祥母嗜魚嚴凝冰凍祥即臥冰得魚奉 914 X21n0372_p0467a12 　　母第三中二俱句指蘭盆者欲簡經宗故也下二 915 X21n0372_p0467a13 　　亦爾例前孝順雙亦一句收盂蘭盆四中逆故非 916 X21n0372_p0467a14 　　孝慳不設供。 917 X21n0372_p0467a15 　【疏】三以孝順對拔苦亦為四句一孝順非拔苦謂 918 X21n0372_p0467a16 　董永等二拔苦非孝順謂救佗人之苦厄三俱是 919 X21n0372_p0467a17 　即盂蘭會也四俱非謂逆小之人也。 920 X21n0372_p0467a18 　　【記】初句董永家貧母喪遂傭身葬母感天女為妻 921 X21n0372_p0467a19 　　織絹以贖之四中逆即非孝小人不濟佗苦。 922 X21n0372_p0467a20 　【疏】四以孝順對報恩亦為四句一孝順非報恩護 923 X21n0372_p0467a21 　髮膚不驕危非法不言等二報恩非孝順扶輪報 924 X21n0372_p0467a22 　一食修行報施主等三俱是盂蘭盆會也四俱非 925 X21n0372_p0467a23 　謂辜恩逆人。 926 X21n0372_p0467a24 　　【記】初句引事並出孝經餘如前引卿大夫章云是 927 X21n0372_p0467b01 　　故非法不言非道不行然後能守其宗廟次句扶 928 X21n0372_p0467b02 　　輪報餐者左傳云晉侯(靈公)飲趙盾酒伏 929 X21n0372_p0467b03 甲(甲兵)將攻 930 X21n0372_p0467b03 　　之(公無道盾數諫欲殺之)初盾田(田獵 931 X21n0372_p0467b04 )於首山見靈輒餓問之 932 X21n0372_p0467b04 　　曰不食三日矣食之舍其半問之曰官三年矣(官學 933 X21n0372_p0467b05 　　也)未知母之存否今近焉請以遺之既而為公介 934 X21n0372_p0467b06 　　(輒為靈公甲士)倒戟以禦(盾走伏兵至 935 X21n0372_p0467b07 輒乃擊之史記作反擊伏土)公徒而免 936 X21n0372_p0467b07 　　之(公謀不成盾免此難)問曰何故對曰翳 937 X21n0372_p0467b08 桑之餓人也問其 938 X21n0372_p0467b08 　　名居(名與所居)不告而退遂自亡也(輒 939 X21n0372_p0467b09 亦去國)按左傳史記 940 X21n0372_p0467b09 　　並無扶輪之說唯類林有之彼云盾走出乘車車 941 X21n0372_p0467b10 　　已脫一輪公先令人脫之輒扶盾上車以臂承軸 942 X21n0372_p0467b11 　　軀駕而行。 943 X21n0372_p0467b12 　【疏】今修此一門即圓四行所得功德何可挍量實 944 X21n0372_p0467b13 　由境勝心弘徹於神理故也。 945 X21n0372_p0467b14 　　【記】初顯功勝實下推所由境勝即三田心強即三 946 X21n0372_p0467b15 　　心徹通也神理謂幽冥之處。 947 X21n0372_p0467b16 　 948 X21n0372_p0467b17 盂蘭盆經疏新記卷上 949 X21n0372_p0467b18

　　　　　　　　　　網頁版大藏經之資料來源：中華電子佛典協會

　　　　　　　　　　　　　以下是資料來源的相關訊息：

【經文資訊】卍新纂續藏經 第二十一冊 No. 372《盂蘭盆經疏新記》

【版本記錄】CBETA 電子佛典 V1.2 (Big5) 普及版，完成日期：2007/07/06

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# 卍 Xuzangjing Vol. 21, No. 372 盂蘭盆經疏新記

# CBETA Chinese Electronic Tripitaka V1.2 (Big5) Normalized Version, Release Date: 2007/07/06

# Distributor: Chinese Buddhist Electronic Text Association (CBETA)

# Source material obtained from: Input by CBETA, OCR by CBETA

# Distributed free of charge. For details please read at http://www.cbeta.org/copyright_e.htm

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盂蘭盆經疏新記卷上并序)

本經佛學辭彙一覽(共 433 條)