【經文資訊】大正新脩大藏經 第十二冊 No. 374《大般涅槃經》CBETA 電子佛典 V1.50 普及版
# Taisho Tripitaka Vol. 12, No. 374 大般涅槃經, CBETA Chinese Electronic Tripitaka V1.50, Normalized Version
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T12n0374_p0535b21║
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T12n0374_p0535b23║大般涅槃經卷第二十九
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T12n0374_p0535b25║　　　　北涼天竺三藏曇無讖譯
T12n0374_p0535b26║師子吼菩薩品第十一之三
T12n0374_p0535b27║師子吼言。世尊。如佛所說。一切諸法有二
T12n0374_p0535b28║種因。一者正因。二者緣因。以是二因應無縛
T12n0374_p0535b29║解。是五陰者念念生滅。如其生滅誰有縛解。
T12n0374_p0535c01║世尊。因此五陰生後五陰。此陰自滅不至彼
T12n0374_p0535c02║陰。雖不至彼能生彼陰。如因子生芽子不至
T12n0374_p0535c03║芽。雖不至芽而能生芽。眾生亦爾。云何縛解。
T12n0374_p0535c04║善男子。諦聽諦聽我當為汝分別解說。善男
T12n0374_p0535c05║子。如人捨命受大苦時。宗親圍遶。號哭懊
T12n0374_p0535c06║惱。其人惶怖莫知依救。雖有五情無所知
T12n0374_p0535c07║覺。肢節戰動不能自持。身體虛冷煖氣欲
T12n0374_p0535c08║盡。見先所修善惡報相。善男子。如日垂沒山
T12n0374_p0535c09║陵堆阜。影現東移理無西逝。眾生業果亦
T12n0374_p0535c10║復如是。此陰滅時彼陰續生。如燈生闇滅燈
T12n0374_p0535c11║滅闇生善男子。如蠟印印泥。印與泥。合印
T12n0374_p0535c12║滅文成。而是蠟印不變在泥。文非泥出不餘
T12n0374_p0535c13║處來。以印因緣而生是文。現在陰滅中陰陰
T12n0374_p0535c14║生。是現在陰終不變為中陰五陰。中陰五陰
T12n0374_p0535c15║亦非自生不從餘來。因現陰故生中陰陰。如
T12n0374_p0535c16║印印泥印壞文成。名雖無差而時節各異。是
T12n0374_p0535c17║故我說中陰五陰非肉眼見天眼所見。是中
T12n0374_p0535c18║陰中有三種食。一者思食。二者觸食。三者意
T12n0374_p0535c19║食。中陰二種。一善業果。二惡業果。因善業故
T12n0374_p0535c20║得善覺觀。因惡業故得惡覺觀。父母交會牉
T12n0374_p0535c21║合之時。隨業因緣向受生處。於母生愛於父
T12n0374_p0535c22║生瞋。父精出時謂是己有。見已心悅而生歡
T12n0374_p0535c23║喜。以是三種煩惱因緣。中陰陰壞生後五
T12n0374_p0535c24║陰。如印印泥印壞文成。生時諸根有具不具。
T12n0374_p0535c25║具者見色則生於貪。生於貪故則名為愛。狂
T12n0374_p0535c26║故生貪是名無明。貪愛無明二因緣故。所見
T12n0374_p0535c27║境界皆悉顛倒。無常見常無我見我。無樂見
T12n0374_p0535c28║樂無淨見淨。以四倒故作善惡行。煩惱作業
T12n0374_p0535c29║業作煩惱。是名繫縛。以是義故名五陰生。是
T12n0374_p0536a01║人若得親近於佛及佛弟子諸善知識。便得
T12n0374_p0536a02║聞受十二部經。以聞法故觀善境界。觀善境
T12n0374_p0536a03║界故得大智慧。大智慧者名正知見。得知見
T12n0374_p0536a04║故於生死中而生悔心。生悔心故不生歡樂。
T12n0374_p0536a05║不生歡樂故能破貪心。破貪心故修八聖道。
T12n0374_p0536a06║修八聖道故得無生死。無生死故名得解脫。
T12n0374_p0536a07║如火不遇薪名之為滅。滅生死故名為滅度。
T12n0374_p0536a08║以是義故名五陰滅。師子吼言。空中無刺云
T12n0374_p0536a09║何言拔。陰無繫者云何繫縛。佛言。善男子。以
T12n0374_p0536a10║煩惱鎖繫縛五陰。離五陰已無別煩惱。離煩
T12n0374_p0536a11║惱已無別五陰。善男子。如柱持屋離屋無柱
T12n0374_p0536a12║離柱無屋。眾生五陰亦復如是。有煩惱故名
T12n0374_p0536a13║為繫縛。無煩惱故名為解脫。善男子。如拳合
T12n0374_p0536a14║掌。繫結等三。合散生滅更無別法。眾生五
T12n0374_p0536a15║陰亦復如是。有煩惱故名為繫縛。無煩惱故
T12n0374_p0536a16║名為解脫。善男子。如說名色繫縛眾生。名色
T12n0374_p0536a17║若滅則無眾生。離名色已無別眾生。離眾生
T12n0374_p0536a18║已無別名色。亦名名色繫縛眾生。亦名眾生
T12n0374_p0536a19║繫縛名色。師子吼言。世尊。如眼不自見指
T12n0374_p0536a20║不自觸刀不自割受不自受。云何如來說言
T12n0374_p0536a21║名色繫縛名色。何以故。言名色者即是眾
T12n0374_p0536a22║生。言眾生者即是名色。若言名色繫縛眾生。
T12n0374_p0536a23║即是名色繫縛名色。佛言。善男子。如二手合
T12n0374_p0536a24║時。更無異法而來合也。名之與色亦復如是。
T12n0374_p0536a25║以是義故。我言名色繫縛眾生。若離名色則
T12n0374_p0536a26║得解脫。是故我言眾生解脫。師子吼言。世尊
T12n0374_p0536a27║若有名色是繫縛者。諸阿羅漢未離名色亦
T12n0374_p0536a28║應繫縛。善男子。解脫二種。一者子斷。二者果
T12n0374_p0536a29║斷。言子斷者名斷煩惱。阿羅漢等已斷煩惱
T12n0374_p0536b01║眾結爛壞。是故子結不能繫縛。未斷果故名
T12n0374_p0536b02║果繫縛。諸阿羅漢不見佛性。以不見故不得
T12n0374_p0536b03║阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。以是義故。可言果繫。
T12n0374_p0536b04║不得說言名色繫縛。善男子。譬如然燈油未
T12n0374_p0536b05║盡時明則不滅。若油盡者滅則無疑。善男子。
T12n0374_p0536b06║所言油者喻諸煩惱。燈喻眾生。一切眾生煩
T12n0374_p0536b07║惱油故不入涅槃。若得斷者則入涅槃。師子
T12n0374_p0536b08║吼言。世尊。燈之與油二性各異。眾生煩惱則
T12n0374_p0536b09║不如是。眾生即是煩惱煩惱即是眾生。眾生
T12n0374_p0536b10║名五陰五陰名眾生。五陰名煩惱煩惱名五
T12n0374_p0536b11║陰。云何如來喻之於燈。佛言。善男子。喻有八
T12n0374_p0536b12║種。一者順喻。二者逆喻。三者現喻。四者非
T12n0374_p0536b13║喻。五者先喻。六者後喻。七者先後喻。八者
T12n0374_p0536b14║遍喻。云何順喻。如經中說。天降大雨溝瀆皆
T12n0374_p0536b15║滿。溝瀆滿故小坑滿。小坑滿故大坑滿。大坑
T12n0374_p0536b16║滿故小泉滿。小泉滿故大泉滿。大泉滿故小
T12n0374_p0536b17║池滿。小池滿故大池滿。大池滿故小河滿。小
T12n0374_p0536b18║河滿故大河滿。大河滿故大海滿。如來法雨
T12n0374_p0536b19║亦復如是。眾生戒滿。戒滿足故不悔心滿。不
T12n0374_p0536b20║悔心滿故歡喜滿。歡喜滿故遠離滿。遠離滿
T12n0374_p0536b21║故安隱滿。安隱滿故三昧滿。三昧滿故正知
T12n0374_p0536b22║見滿。正知見滿故厭離滿。厭離滿故呵責滿。
T12n0374_p0536b23║呵責滿故解脫滿。解脫滿故涅槃滿。是名順
T12n0374_p0536b24║喻。云何逆喻。大海有本所謂大河。大河有本
T12n0374_p0536b25║所謂小河。小河有本所謂大池。大池有本所
T12n0374_p0536b26║謂小池。小池有本所謂大泉。大泉有本所謂
T12n0374_p0536b27║小泉。小泉有本所謂大坑。大坑有本所謂小
T12n0374_p0536b28║坑。小坑有本所謂溝瀆。溝瀆有本所謂大雨。
T12n0374_p0536b29║涅槃有本所謂解脫。解脫有本所謂呵責。呵
T12n0374_p0536c01║責有本所謂厭離。厭離有本所謂正知見。正
T12n0374_p0536c02║知見有本所謂三昧。三昧有本所謂安隱。安
T12n0374_p0536c03║隱有本所謂遠離。遠離有本所謂喜心。喜心
T12n0374_p0536c04║有本所謂不悔。不悔有本所謂持戒。持戒有
T12n0374_p0536c05║本所謂法雨。是名逆喻。云何現喻。如經中說。
T12n0374_p0536c06║眾生心性猶如獼猴。獼猴之性捨一取一。眾
T12n0374_p0536c07║生心性亦復如是。取著色聲香味觸法無暫
T12n0374_p0536c08║住時。是名現喻。云何非喻。如我昔告波斯匿
T12n0374_p0536c09║王。大王。有親信人從四方來各作是言。大王。
T12n0374_p0536c10║有四大山從四方來欲害人民。王若聞者當
T12n0374_p0536c11║設何計。王言。世尊。設有此來無逃避處。惟
T12n0374_p0536c12║當專心持戒布施。我即讚言。善哉大王。我說
T12n0374_p0536c13║四山即是眾生生老病死。生老病死常來切
T12n0374_p0536c14║人。云何大王。不修戒施。王言。世尊。持戒布
T12n0374_p0536c15║施得何等果。我言。大王。於人天中多受快樂。
T12n0374_p0536c16║王言。世尊。尼拘陀樹持戒布施。亦於人天受
T12n0374_p0536c17║安隱耶。我言。大王。尼拘陀樹不能持戒修行
T12n0374_p0536c18║布施。如其能者則受無異。是名非喻。云何先
T12n0374_p0536c19║喻。我經中說。譬如有人貪著妙花。採取之時
T12n0374_p0536c20║為水所漂。眾生亦爾。貪受五欲。為生死水
T12n0374_p0536c21║之所漂沒。是名先喻。云何後喻。如法句說。
T12n0374_p0536c22║　莫輕小罪　　以為無殃　　水渧雖微
T12n0374_p0536c23║　漸盈大器
T12n0374_p0536c24║是名後喻。云何先後喻。譬如芭蕉生果則死。
T12n0374_p0536c25║愚人得養亦復如是。如騾懷妊命不久全。云
T12n0374_p0536c26║何遍喻。如經中說。三十三天有波利質多樹。
T12n0374_p0536c27║其根入地深五由延。高百由延。枝葉四布五
T12n0374_p0536c28║十由延。葉熟則黃。諸天見已心生歡喜。是葉
T12n0374_p0536c29║不久必當墮落。其葉既落復生歡喜。是枝不
T12n0374_p0537a01║久必當變色。枝既變色復生歡喜。是色不久
T12n0374_p0537a02║必當生皰。見已復喜。是皰不久必當生嘴。
T12n0374_p0537a03║見已復喜。是嘴不久必當開剖。開剖之時香
T12n0374_p0537a04║氣周遍五十由延。光明遠照八十由延。爾時
T12n0374_p0537a05║諸天夏三月時在下受樂。善男子。我諸弟子
T12n0374_p0537a06║亦復如是。葉色黃者。喻我弟子念欲出家。其
T12n0374_p0537a07║葉落者。喻我弟子剃除鬚髮。其色變者。喻我
T12n0374_p0537a08║弟子白四羯磨受具足戒。初生皰者。喻我弟
T12n0374_p0537a09║子發阿耨多羅三藐三菩提心。嘴者。喻於十
T12n0374_p0537a10║住菩薩得見佛性。開剖者。喻於菩薩得阿耨
T12n0374_p0537a11║多羅三藐三菩提。香者。喻於十方無量眾生
T12n0374_p0537a12║受持禁戒。光者。喻於如來名號無礙周遍
T12n0374_p0537a13║十方。夏三月者。喻三三昧。三十三天受快樂
T12n0374_p0537a14║者。喻於諸佛在大涅槃得常樂我淨。是名遍
T12n0374_p0537a15║喻。善男子。凡所引喻不必盡取。或取少分或
T12n0374_p0537a16║取多分或復全取。如言如來面如滿月。是名
T12n0374_p0537a17║少分。善男子。譬如有人初不見乳轉。問他言
T12n0374_p0537a18║乳為何類。彼人答言如水蜜貝。水則濕相蜜
T12n0374_p0537a19║則甜相貝則色相。雖引三喻未即乳實。善男
T12n0374_p0537a20║子。我言燈喻喻於眾生亦復如是。善男子。離
T12n0374_p0537a21║水無河。眾生亦爾。離五陰已無別眾生。善男
T12n0374_p0537a22║子。如離箱輿輪軸輻輞更無別車。眾生亦
T12n0374_p0537a23║爾。善男子。若欲得合彼燈喻者。諦聽諦聽我
T12n0374_p0537a24║今當說。炷者喻於二十五有。油者喻愛。明喻
T12n0374_p0537a25║智慧。除破黑闇喻破無明。煖喻聖道。如燈油
T12n0374_p0537a26║盡明焰則滅。眾生愛盡則見佛性。雖有名色
T12n0374_p0537a27║不能繫縛。雖復處在二十五有。不為諸有之
T12n0374_p0537a28║所污染。師子吼言。世尊。眾生五陰空無所
T12n0374_p0537a29║有。誰有受教修習道者。佛言。善男子。一切
T12n0374_p0537b01║眾生皆有念心慧心發心勤精進心信心定
T12n0374_p0537b02║心。如是等法雖念念生滅。猶故相似相續不
T12n0374_p0537b03║斷。故名修道。師子吼言。世尊。如是等法皆念
T12n0374_p0537b04║念滅。是念念滅亦相似相續。云何修習。佛言。
T12n0374_p0537b05║善男子。如燈雖念念滅。而有光明除破闇冥。
T12n0374_p0537b06║念等諸法亦復如是。善男子。如眾生食雖念
T12n0374_p0537b07║念滅。亦令飢者而得飽滿。譬如上藥雖念念
T12n0374_p0537b08║滅亦能愈病。日月光明雖念念滅。亦能增長
T12n0374_p0537b09║樹林草木。善男子。汝言念念滅云何增長者。
T12n0374_p0537b10║心不斷故名為增長。善男子。如人誦書所誦
T12n0374_p0537b11║字句不得一時。前不至中中不至後。人之與
T12n0374_p0537b12║字及以心想俱念念滅。以久修故而得通利。
T12n0374_p0537b13║善男子。譬如金師從初習作至于皓首。雖念
T12n0374_p0537b14║念滅前不至後。以積習故所作遂妙。是故得
T12n0374_p0537b15║稱善好金師。讀誦經書亦復如是善男子。譬
T12n0374_p0537b16║如種子。地亦不教汝當生芽。以法性故牙則
T12n0374_p0537b17║自生。乃至花亦不教汝當作果。以法性故而
T12n0374_p0537b18║果自生。眾生修道亦復如是。善男子。譬如數
T12n0374_p0537b19║法。一不至二二不至三。雖念念滅而至千萬。
T12n0374_p0537b20║眾生修道亦復如是。善男子。如燈念念滅。初
T12n0374_p0537b21║滅之焰不教後焰我滅汝生當破諸闇。善男
T12n0374_p0537b22║子。譬如犢子生便求乳。求乳之智實無人教。
T12n0374_p0537b23║雖念念滅而初飢後飽。是故當知不應相似。
T12n0374_p0537b24║若相似者不應異生。眾生修道亦復如是。初
T12n0374_p0537b25║雖未增以久修故。則能破壞一切煩惱。師子
T12n0374_p0537b26║吼言。世尊。如佛所說。須陀洹人得果證已。雖
T12n0374_p0537b27║生惡國猶故持戒。不殺盜婬兩舌飲酒。須陀
T12n0374_p0537b28║洹陰即此處滅不至惡國。修道亦爾不至惡
T12n0374_p0537b29║國。若相似者何故不生淨妙國土。若惡國陰
T12n0374_p0537c01║非須陀洹陰。云何而得不作惡業。佛言。善男
T12n0374_p0537c02║子。須陀洹者雖生惡國。終不失於須陀洹名
T12n0374_p0537c03║陰不相似。是故我引犢子為喻。須陀洹人雖
T12n0374_p0537c04║生惡國。以道力故不作惡業。善男子。譬如香
T12n0374_p0537c05║山有師子王。是故一切飛鳥走獸絕跡。此山
T12n0374_p0537c06║無敢近者。有時是王至雪山中。一切鳥獸猶
T12n0374_p0537c07║故不住。須陀洹人亦復如是。雖不修道以道
T12n0374_p0537c08║力故不作諸惡。善男子。譬如有人服食甘露。
T12n0374_p0537c09║甘露雖滅以其力勢能令是人不生不死。善
T12n0374_p0537c10║男子。如須彌山有上妙藥名楞伽利。有人服
T12n0374_p0537c11║之雖念念滅。以藥力故不遇患苦。善男子。如
T12n0374_p0537c12║轉輪王所坐之處。王雖不在無人敢近。何以
T12n0374_p0537c13║故。王威力故。須陀洹人亦復如是雖生惡國
T12n0374_p0537c14║不修習道。以道力故不作惡業。善男子。須陀
T12n0374_p0537c15║洹陰於此而滅雖生異陰。猶故不失須陀洹
T12n0374_p0537c16║陰。善男子。譬如眾生為果實故於種子中多
T12n0374_p0537c17║役作業。糞治溉灌未得果實而子復滅。亦得
T12n0374_p0537c18║名為因子得果。須陀洹陰亦復如是。善男子。
T12n0374_p0537c19║譬如有人資產巨富。惟有一子先已終歿。
T12n0374_p0537c20║其子有子復在他土。其人忽然奄便命終。
T12n0374_p0537c21║孫聞是已還收產業。雖知財貨非其所作。然
T12n0374_p0537c22║其收取無遮護者。何以故。以姓一故。須陀洹
T12n0374_p0537c23║陰亦復如是。師子吼言。如佛說偈。
T12n0374_p0537c24║　比丘若修習　　戒定及智慧
T12n0374_p0537c25║　當知是不退　　親近大涅槃
T12n0374_p0537c26║世尊。云何修戒云何修定云何修慧。佛言。
T12n0374_p0537c27║善男子。若有人受持禁戒。但為自利人天受
T12n0374_p0537c28║樂。不為度脫一切眾生。不為擁護無上正法。
T12n0374_p0537c29║但為利養畏三惡道。為命色力安無礙辯。畏
T12n0374_p0538a01║懼王法惡名穢稱為世事業。如是護戒則不
T12n0374_p0538a02║得名修習戒也。善男子。云何名為真修習戒。
T12n0374_p0538a03║受持戒時。若為度脫一切眾生為護正法。度
T12n0374_p0538a04║不度故。解未解故。歸無歸故。未入涅槃令
T12n0374_p0538a05║得入故。如是修時。不見戒不見戒相不見持
T12n0374_p0538a06║者。不見果報不觀毀犯。善男子。若能如是。
T12n0374_p0538a07║是則名為修習戒也。云何復名修習三昧。修
T12n0374_p0538a08║三昧時。為自度脫為於利養。不為眾生不為
T12n0374_p0538a09║護法。為見貪欲穢食等過。男女等根九孔不
T12n0374_p0538a10║淨。鬥訟打刺互相殺害。若為此事修三昧者。
T12n0374_p0538a11║是則不名修習三昧。善男子。云何復名真修
T12n0374_p0538a12║三昧。若為眾生修習三昧。於眾生中得平等
T12n0374_p0538a13║心。為令眾生得不退法。為令眾生得聖心故。
T12n0374_p0538a14║為令眾生得大乘故。為欲護持無上法故。為
T12n0374_p0538a15║令眾生不退菩提故。為令眾生得首楞嚴
T12n0374_p0538a16║故。為令眾生得金剛三昧故。為令眾生得陀
T12n0374_p0538a17║羅尼故。為令眾生得四無礙故。為令眾生見
T12n0374_p0538a18║佛性故。作是行時。不見三昧不見三昧相。不
T12n0374_p0538a19║見修者不見果報。善男子。若能如是。是則名
T12n0374_p0538a20║為修習三昧。云何復名修於智慧。若有修者
T12n0374_p0538a21║作是思惟。我若修習如是智慧。則得解脫度
T12n0374_p0538a22║三惡道誰能利益一切眾生。誰能度人於生
T12n0374_p0538a23║死道。佛出世難如優曇缽花。我今能斷諸煩
T12n0374_p0538a24║惱結必得解脫果。是故我當勤修智慧。速斷
T12n0374_p0538a25║煩惱早得度脫。如是修者。不得名為修習智
T12n0374_p0538a26║慧。云何名為真修習者。智者若觀生老死苦。
T12n0374_p0538a27║一切眾生無明所覆。不知修習無上正道。願
T12n0374_p0538a28║我此身悉代眾生受大苦惱。眾生所有貧窮
T12n0374_p0538a29║下賤破戒之心貪瞋癡業。願皆悉來集于
T12n0374_p0538b01║我身。願諸眾生不生貪取。不為名色之所繫
T12n0374_p0538b02║縛。願諸眾生早度生死。令我一身處之不厭。
T12n0374_p0538b03║願令一切皆得阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。如是
T12n0374_p0538b04║修時。不見智慧不見智慧相。不見修者不見
T12n0374_p0538b05║果報。是則名為修習智慧。善男子。修習如是
T12n0374_p0538b06║戒定智慧是名菩薩。不能如是修戒定慧是
T12n0374_p0538b07║名聲聞。
T12n0374_p0538b08║復次善男子。云何復名修集於戒。若能破壞
T12n0374_p0538b09║一切眾生十六惡律儀。何等十六。一者為利
T12n0374_p0538b10║餧養羔羊肥已轉賣。二者為利買已屠殺。三
T12n0374_p0538b11║者為利餧養豬豚肥已轉賣。四者為利買已
T12n0374_p0538b12║屠殺。五者為利餧養牛犢肥已轉賣。六者為
T12n0374_p0538b13║利買已屠殺。七者為利養雞令肥肥已轉賣。
T12n0374_p0538b14║八者為利買已屠殺。九者釣魚。十者獵師。十
T12n0374_p0538b15║一者劫奪。十二者魁膾。十三者網捕飛鳥。十
T12n0374_p0538b16║四者兩舌。十五者獄卒。十六者咒龍。能為眾
T12n0374_p0538b17║生永斷如是十六惡業。是名修戒。云何修定。
T12n0374_p0538b18║能斷一切世間三昧。所謂無身三昧。能令眾
T12n0374_p0538b19║生生顛倒心謂是涅槃。有無邊心三昧淨聚
T12n0374_p0538b20║三昧世邊三昧世斷三昧世性三昧世丈夫三
T12n0374_p0538b21║昧非想非非想三昧。如是等定能令眾生生
T12n0374_p0538b22║顛倒心謂是涅槃。若能永斷如是三昧。是則
T12n0374_p0538b23║名為修習三昧。云何復名修習智慧。能破世
T12n0374_p0538b24║間所有惡見。一切眾生悉有惡見。所謂色即
T12n0374_p0538b25║是我亦是我所。色中有我我中有色。乃至識
T12n0374_p0538b26║亦如是。常即是我色滅我存。色即是我色滅
T12n0374_p0538b27║我滅。復有人言。作者名我受者名色。復有人
T12n0374_p0538b28║言。作者名色受者名我。復有人言。無作無受
T12n0374_p0538b29║自生自滅悉非因緣。復有人言。無作無受悉
T12n0374_p0538c01║是自在之所造作。復有人言。無有作者無有
T12n0374_p0538c02║受者。一切悉是時節所作。復有人言。作者受
T12n0374_p0538c03║者悉無所有。地等五大名為眾生。善男子。若
T12n0374_p0538c04║能破壞一切眾生如是惡見。是則名為修智
T12n0374_p0538c05║慧也。善男子。修習戒者為身寂靜。修習三昧
T12n0374_p0538c06║為心寂靜。修習智慧為壞疑心。壞疑心者為
T12n0374_p0538c07║修習道。修習道者為見佛性。見佛性者為得
T12n0374_p0538c08║阿耨多羅三藐三菩提故。得阿耨多羅三藐
T12n0374_p0538c09║三菩提者為得無上大涅槃故。得大涅槃者
T12n0374_p0538c10║為斷眾生一切生死一切煩惱一切諸有一切
T12n0374_p0538c11║諸界一切諸諦故。斷於生死乃至斷諦。為得
T12n0374_p0538c12║常樂我淨法故。
T12n0374_p0538c13║師子吼言。世尊。如佛所說。若不生不滅名大
T12n0374_p0538c14║涅槃者。生亦如是不生不滅。何故不得名為
T12n0374_p0538c15║涅槃。善男子。如是如是如汝所言。是生雖復
T12n0374_p0538c16║不生不滅而有始終。世尊。是生死法亦無始
T12n0374_p0538c17║終。若無始終則名為常。常即涅槃。何故不名
T12n0374_p0538c18║生死為涅槃耶。善男子。是生死法悉有因果。
T12n0374_p0538c19║有因果故不得名之為涅槃也。何以故。涅槃
T12n0374_p0538c20║之體無因果故。師子吼言。世尊。夫涅槃者亦
T12n0374_p0538c21║有因果。如佛所說。
T12n0374_p0538c22║　從因故生天　　從因墮惡道
T12n0374_p0538c23║　從因故涅槃　　是故皆有因
T12n0374_p0538c24║如佛往昔告諸比丘。我今當說沙門道果。言
T12n0374_p0538c25║沙門者。謂能具修戒定智慧。道者謂八聖道。
T12n0374_p0538c26║沙門果者所謂涅槃。世尊。涅槃如是豈非果
T12n0374_p0538c27║耶。云何說言涅槃之體無因無果。佛言。善男
T12n0374_p0538c28║子。我所宣說涅槃因者。所謂佛性。佛性之性
T12n0374_p0538c29║不生涅槃。是故我言涅槃無因。能破煩惱故
T12n0374_p0539a01║名大果。不從道生故名無果。是故涅槃無因
T12n0374_p0539a02║無果。師子吼言。世尊。眾生佛性為悉共有為
T12n0374_p0539a03║各各有。若共有者一人得阿耨多羅三藐三菩
T12n0374_p0539a04║提時。一切眾生亦應同得世尊。如二十人同
T12n0374_p0539a05║有一怨。若一人能除。餘十九人皆亦同除。佛性
T12n0374_p0539a06║亦爾。一人得時餘亦應得。若各各有則是無
T12n0374_p0539a07║常。何以故。可算數故。然佛所說眾生佛性不
T12n0374_p0539a08║一不二。若各各有不應說言諸佛平等。亦不
T12n0374_p0539a09║應說佛性如空。佛言。善男子。眾生佛性不一
T12n0374_p0539a10║不二。諸佛平等猶如虛空。一切眾生同共有
T12n0374_p0539a11║之。若有能修八聖道者。當知是人則得明見。
T12n0374_p0539a12║善男子。雪山有草名曰忍辱。牛若食之則成
T12n0374_p0539a13║醍醐。眾生佛性亦復如是。師子吼言。如佛所
T12n0374_p0539a14║說忍辱草者。一耶多耶。如其一者牛食則盡。
T12n0374_p0539a15║如其多者云何而言眾生佛性亦如是耶。如佛
T12n0374_p0539a16║所說。若有修習八聖道者則見佛性。是義不
T12n0374_p0539a17║然。何以故。道若一者如忍辱草則應有盡。如
T12n0374_p0539a18║其有盡一人修已餘則無分。若道多者云何
T12n0374_p0539a19║得言具足修習。亦不得名薩婆若智。佛言。善
T12n0374_p0539a20║男子。如平坦路一切眾生悉於中行無障礙
T12n0374_p0539a21║者。中路有樹其陰清涼。行人在下憩駕止
T12n0374_p0539a22║息。然其樹陰常住不移。亦不消壞無持去
T12n0374_p0539a23║者。路。喻聖道。陰喻佛性。善男子。譬如大城
T12n0374_p0539a24║唯有一門。雖有多人經由入出。都無有能作
T12n0374_p0539a25║障礙者。亦復無人破壞毀落而齎持去。善男
T12n0374_p0539a26║子。譬如橋梁行人所由。亦無有人遮止障礙
T12n0374_p0539a27║毀壞持去。善男子。譬如良醫遍療眾病。亦無
T12n0374_p0539a28║有能遮止是醫治此捨彼。聖道佛性亦復如
T12n0374_p0539a29║是。師子吼言。世尊。所引諸喻義不如是。何以
T12n0374_p0539b01║故。先者在路於後則妨。云何而言無有障礙。
T12n0374_p0539b02║餘亦皆爾。聖道佛性若如是者。一人修時應
T12n0374_p0539b03║妨餘者。佛言。善男子。如汝所言義不相應。
T12n0374_p0539b04║我所喻道是少分喻非一切也。善男子。世間
T12n0374_p0539b05║道者則有障礙。此彼之異無有平等。無漏道
T12n0374_p0539b06║者則不如是。能令眾生無有障礙。平等無二
T12n0374_p0539b07║無有方處此彼之異。如是正道能為一切眾
T12n0374_p0539b08║生佛性。而作了因不作生因。猶如明燈照了
T12n0374_p0539b09║於物。善男子。一切眾生皆同無明因緣於行。
T12n0374_p0539b10║不可說言一人無明因緣行已其餘應無。一
T12n0374_p0539b11║切眾生悉有無明因緣於行。是故說言十二
T12n0374_p0539b12║因緣一切平等。眾生所修無漏正道亦復如
T12n0374_p0539b13║是。等斷眾生煩惱四生諸界有道。以是義故
T12n0374_p0539b14║名為平等。其有證者彼此知見無有障礙。是
T12n0374_p0539b15║故得名薩婆若智。師子吼言。一切眾生身
T12n0374_p0539b16║不一種。或有天身或有人身畜生餓鬼地獄
T12n0374_p0539b17║之身。如是多身差別非一。云何而言佛性為
T12n0374_p0539b18║一。佛言。善男子。譬如有人置毒乳中。乃至醍
T12n0374_p0539b19║醐皆悉有毒。乳不名酪酪不名乳。乃至醍醐
T12n0374_p0539b20║亦復如是。名字雖變毒性不失。遍五味中皆
T12n0374_p0539b21║悉如是。若服醍醐亦能殺人。實不置毒於醍
T12n0374_p0539b22║醐中。眾生佛性亦復如是。雖處五道受別異
T12n0374_p0539b23║身。而是佛性常一無變。
T12n0374_p0539b24║師子吼言。世尊。十六大國有六大城。所謂舍
T12n0374_p0539b25║婆提城婆枳多城瞻婆城毘舍離城波羅奈
T12n0374_p0539b26║城王舍城。如是六城世中最大。何故如來捨
T12n0374_p0539b27║之。在此邊地弊惡極陋隘小拘尸那城入般
T12n0374_p0539b28║涅槃。善男子。汝不應言拘尸那城邊地弊惡
T12n0374_p0539b29║最陋隘小應言是城微妙功德之所莊嚴。何
T12n0374_p0539c01║以故。諸佛菩薩所行處故。善男子。如賤人舍。
T12n0374_p0539c02║王若過者則應讚歎。是舍嚴麗功德成就。能
T12n0374_p0539c03║令大王迴駕臨顧。善男子。如人重病服穢弊
T12n0374_p0539c04║藥。服已病愈即應歡喜讚歎。是藥最上最妙
T12n0374_p0539c05║能愈我病。善男子。如人乘船在大海中。其船
T12n0374_p0539c06║卒壞無所依倚。因倚死屍得到彼岸。到彼岸
T12n0374_p0539c07║已應大歡喜讚歎。是屍我賴相遇而得安隱。
T12n0374_p0539c08║拘尸那城亦復如是。乃是諸佛菩薩行處。云
T12n0374_p0539c09║何而言邊地弊惡陋隘小城。善男子。我念往
T12n0374_p0539c10║昔過恒河沙劫劫名善覺。時有聖王姓憍尸
T12n0374_p0539c11║迦。七寶成就千子具足。其王始初造立此城。
T12n0374_p0539c12║周匝縱廣十二由延七寶莊嚴。土多有河其
T12n0374_p0539c13║水清淨柔軟甘美。所謂泥連禪河伊羅跋提
T12n0374_p0539c14║河熙連禪河伊搜末堆河毘婆舍那河。如是
T12n0374_p0539c15║等河其數五百。河此彼岸樹木繁茂花果鮮
T12n0374_p0539c16║潔。爾時人民壽命無量。時轉輪聖王過百年
T12n0374_p0539c17║已作是唱言。如佛所說。一切諸法皆悉無常。
T12n0374_p0539c18║若能修習十善法者。能斷如是無常大苦。人
T12n0374_p0539c19║民聞已咸共奉修十善之法。我於爾時聞佛
T12n0374_p0539c20║名號。受持十善思惟修習。初發阿耨多羅三
T12n0374_p0539c21║藐三菩提心。發是心已復以是法轉教無量
T12n0374_p0539c22║無邊眾生言。一切法無常變壞。是故我今續
T12n0374_p0539c23║於此處。亦說諸法無常變壞。惟說佛身是常
T12n0374_p0539c24║住法。我憶往昔所行因緣。是故今來在此涅
T12n0374_p0539c25║槃。亦欲酬報此地往恩。以是義故。我經中說。
T12n0374_p0539c26║我眷屬者受恩能報。
T12n0374_p0539c27║復次善男子。往昔眾生壽無量時。爾時此城
T12n0374_p0539c28║名拘舍跋提。周匝縱廣五十由延。時閻浮提
T12n0374_p0539c29║居民鄰接雞飛相及。有轉輪王名曰善見。七
T12n0374_p0540a01║寶成就千子具足。王四天下。第一太子思惟
T12n0374_p0540a02║正法得辟支佛。時轉輪王見其太子成辟支
T12n0374_p0540a03║佛威儀庠序神通希有。見是事已即捨王位
T12n0374_p0540a04║如棄涕唾。出家在此娑羅樹間。八萬歲中修
T12n0374_p0540a05║習慈心。悲喜捨心各八萬歲。善男子。欲知爾
T12n0374_p0540a06║時善見聖王則我身是。是故我今常樂遊止
T12n0374_p0540a07║如是四法。是四法者名為三昧。以是義故如
T12n0374_p0540a08║來之身常樂我淨。善男子。以是因緣今來在
T12n0374_p0540a09║此拘尸那城娑羅樹間三昧正受。
T12n0374_p0540a10║善男子。我念往昔過無量劫。此城爾時名迦
T12n0374_p0540a11║毘羅衛。其城有王名曰白淨。其王夫人名曰
T12n0374_p0540a12║摩耶。王有一子名悉達多。爾時王子不由師
T12n0374_p0540a13║教。自然思惟得阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。有二
T12n0374_p0540a14║弟子。一名舍利弗。二名大目犍連。給侍弟子
T12n0374_p0540a15║名曰阿難。爾時世尊在雙樹間演說如是大
T12n0374_p0540a16║涅槃經。我時在會得預斯事。聞諸眾生悉有
T12n0374_p0540a17║佛性。聞是事已即於菩提得不退轉。尋自發
T12n0374_p0540a18║願。願未來世成佛之時。父母國土名字弟子
T12n0374_p0540a19║侍使之人說法教化。如今世尊等無有異。以
T12n0374_p0540a20║是因緣今來在此敷揚演說大涅槃經。善男
T12n0374_p0540a21║子。我初出家未得阿耨多羅三藐三菩提時。
T12n0374_p0540a22║頻婆娑羅王遣使而言。悉達太子。若為聖王
T12n0374_p0540a23║我當臣屬。若不樂家得阿耨多羅三藐三菩
T12n0374_p0540a24║提者。願先來至此王舍城說法度人受我供
T12n0374_p0540a25║養。我時默然已受彼請。善男子。我初得阿耨
T12n0374_p0540a26║多羅三藐三菩提已向竭闍國時。伊連禪河有
T12n0374_p0540a27║婆羅門姓迦葉氏。與五百弟子在彼河側求
T12n0374_p0540a28║無上道。我為是人故往說法。迦葉言。瞿曇。我
T12n0374_p0540a29║今年邁已百二十。摩伽陀國所有人民及其
T12n0374_p0540b01║大王頻婆娑羅。咸謂我已證羅漢果。我今若
T12n0374_p0540b02║當在於汝前聽受法者。一切人民或生倒心。
T12n0374_p0540b03║大德迦葉非羅漢耶。幸願瞿曇速往餘處。若
T12n0374_p0540b04║此人民定知瞿曇功德勝我。我等無由復得
T12n0374_p0540b05║供養。我時答言。迦葉。汝若於我不生殷重大
T12n0374_p0540b06║瞋恨者。見容一宿明當早去。迦葉言。瞿曇。我
T12n0374_p0540b07║心無他深相愛重。但我住處有一毒龍。其性
T12n0374_p0540b08║暴急恐相危害。我言。迦葉。毒中之毒不過三
T12n0374_p0540b09║毒。我今已斷。世間之毒我所不畏。迦葉復言。
T12n0374_p0540b10║苟能不畏善哉聽住。善男子。我於爾時故為
T12n0374_p0540b11║迦葉現十八變。如經中說。爾時迦葉及其眷
T12n0374_p0540b12║屬五百等輩。見聞是已證羅漢果。是時迦葉
T12n0374_p0540b13║復有二弟。一名伽耶迦葉。二名那提迦葉。師
T12n0374_p0540b14║徒眷屬復有五百。亦皆證得阿羅漢果。時王
T12n0374_p0540b15║舍城六師之徒。聞是事已即於我所生大惡
T12n0374_p0540b16║心。我時赴信受彼王請詣王舍城。未至中路
T12n0374_p0540b17║王與無量百千之眾悉來奉迎。我為說法。時
T12n0374_p0540b18║聞法已。欲界諸天八萬六千發阿耨多羅三
T12n0374_p0540b19║藐三菩提心。頻婆娑羅王所將營從十二萬
T12n0374_p0540b20║人得須陀洹果。無量眾生成就忍心。既入城
T12n0374_p0540b21║已度舍利弗大目犍連及其眷屬二百五十
T12n0374_p0540b22║人。令捨本心出家學道。我即住彼受王供
T12n0374_p0540b23║養。外道六師相與聚集詣舍衛城。
T12n0374_p0540b24║時彼城中有一長者名須達多。為兒娉婦
T12n0374_p0540b25║詣王舍城。既達彼城寄止長者珊檀那舍。時
T12n0374_p0540b26║此長者中夜而起告諸眷屬。仁等。可起速
T12n0374_p0540b27║共莊嚴掃治宅舍辦具餚膳。須達聞已尋自
T12n0374_p0540b28║思惟。將非欲請摩伽王耶。為有婚姻歡樂會
T12n0374_p0540b29║乎。思惟是已尋前問言。大士。欲請摩伽陀王
T12n0374_p0540c01║頻婆娑羅耶。為有婚姻歡樂會乎。遽務不安
T12n0374_p0540c02║乃如是耶。長者答言。不也居士。我明請佛無
T12n0374_p0540c03║上法王。須達長者初聞佛名身毛皆豎。尋復
T12n0374_p0540c04║問言。何等名佛。長者答言。汝不聞耶。迦毘羅
T12n0374_p0540c05║城有釋種子。字悉達多姓瞿曇氏父名白淨。
T12n0374_p0540c06║其生未久相師占之。定當得作轉輪聖王。如
T12n0374_p0540c07║菴羅果已在手中。心不願樂捨之出家。無師
T12n0374_p0540c08║自覺得阿耨多羅三藐三菩提貪恚癡盡。常
T12n0374_p0540c09║住無變不生不滅無有憂畏。於諸眾生其心
T12n0374_p0540c10║平等猶如父母等視一子。所有身心眾中最
T12n0374_p0540c11║勝。雖勝一切而無憍慢。塗割二事其心無二。
T12n0374_p0540c12║智慧通達於法無礙。具足十力四無所畏五
T12n0374_p0540c13║智三昧大慈大悲及三念處。故號為佛。明受
T12n0374_p0540c14║我請。是故匆匆未暇相瞻。須達多言。善哉大
T12n0374_p0540c15║士。所言佛者功德無上今在何處。長者答言。
T12n0374_p0540c16║今在此間王舍大城。住迦蘭陀竹林精舍。時
T12n0374_p0540c17║須達多一心念佛所有功德十力無畏五智三
T12n0374_p0540c18║昧大慈大悲及三念處。作是念時忽然大明。
T12n0374_p0540c19║其明猛盛猶如白日。即尋光出至城門下。佛
T12n0374_p0540c20║神力故門自開闢。既出門已路有天祠。須達
T12n0374_p0540c21║經過禮拜致敬。尋還黑闇心生惶怖。復欲還
T12n0374_p0540c22║返所止之處。時彼城門有一天神告須達
T12n0374_p0540c23║言。仁者。若往如來所者多護善利。須達多
T12n0374_p0540c24║言。云何善利。答言。長者。假使有人真寶
T12n0374_p0540c25║珓珞駿馬百匹香象百頭寶車百乘。鑄金為
T12n0374_p0540c26║人其數復百。端正女人身珮瓔珞眾寶廁填。
T12n0374_p0540c27║上妙宮宅殿堂屋宇雕文刻鏤。金盤銀粟銀
T12n0374_p0540c28║盤金粟數各一百以施一人。如是展轉盡閻
T12n0374_p0540c29║浮提。所得功德。不如有人發意一步詣如來
T12n0374_p0541a01║所。須達多言。善男子。汝是誰耶。答言。長者。
T12n0374_p0541a02║我是勝相婆羅門子。是汝往昔善知識也。我
T12n0374_p0541a03║因往日見舍利弗大目犍連心生歡喜。捨身
T12n0374_p0541a04║得作北方天王毘沙門子。專知守護此王舍
T12n0374_p0541a05║城。我因禮拜舍利弗等生歡喜心。尚得如是
T12n0374_p0541a06║妙好之身。況當得見如來大師禮拜供養。須
T12n0374_p0541a07║達長者聞是事已。即還復道來詣我所。到已
T12n0374_p0541a08║頭面敬禮我足。我時即為如應說法。長者聞
T12n0374_p0541a09║已得須陀洹果。既獲果證復請我言。如來大
T12n0374_p0541a10║慈。惟願臨顧至舍衛城受我微供。我即問言。
T12n0374_p0541a11║卿舍衛國頗有精舍相容受不。須達多言。若
T12n0374_p0541a12║佛哀愍必見垂顧。便當自竭營辦成立。善男
T12n0374_p0541a13║子。我於爾時默然受請。須達長者已蒙聽許
T12n0374_p0541a14║即白我言。我從昔來未為斯事。惟願如來。遣
T12n0374_p0541a15║舍利弗指授儀則。我即顧命敕令營佐。時舍
T12n0374_p0541a16║利弗與須達多共載一車往舍衛城。我神力
T12n0374_p0541a17║故。經一日夜便到所止。時須達多白舍利弗。
T12n0374_p0541a18║大德。此大城外何處有地。不近不遠多饒泉
T12n0374_p0541a19║池。有好林樹花果鬱茂清淨閑豫。我當於
T12n0374_p0541a20║中為佛世尊及比丘僧造立精舍。舍利弗言。
T12n0374_p0541a21║祇陀園林不近不遠。清淨寂寞多有泉池
T12n0374_p0541a22║樹。木花果隨時而有。此處最勝可安立精
T12n0374_p0541a23║舍。時須達多聞是語已。即往祇陀大長者所。
T12n0374_p0541a24║告祇陀言。我今欲為無上法王造立僧坊。惟
T12n0374_p0541a25║仁園地任中造立。吾今欲買能見與不。祇陀
T12n0374_p0541a26║答言。設以真金遍布其地猶不相與。須達多
T12n0374_p0541a27║言。善哉祇陀。林地屬我。汝便取金。祇陀答
T12n0374_p0541a28║言。我園不賣云何取金。須達多言。若意不了
T12n0374_p0541a29║當共往詣斷事人所。時二長者即共俱往斷
T12n0374_p0541b01║事者所。斷事者言。園屬須達祇陀取金。須
T12n0374_p0541b02║達長者即時使人車馬載負隨集布地。一日
T12n0374_p0541b03║之中唯五百步金未周遍。祇陀言曰。長者。若
T12n0374_p0541b04║悔隨意聽止。須達多言。吾不悔也。自念當出
T12n0374_p0541b05║何藏金足。祇陀念言。如來法王真實無上。所
T12n0374_p0541b06║說妙法清淨無染。故使斯人輕寶乃爾。即語
T12n0374_p0541b07║須達。餘未遍者不復須金。請以見與。我自
T12n0374_p0541b08║為佛造立門樓。常使如來經由出入。祇陀長
T12n0374_p0541b09║者自造門樓。須達長者七日之中成立大房
T12n0374_p0541b10║足三百口。禪房靜處六十三所。冬室夏堂各
T12n0374_p0541b11║各別異。廚坊浴室洗腳之處。大小圊廁無不
T12n0374_p0541b12║備足。所設已訖即執香鑪向王舍城遙作是
T12n0374_p0541b13║言。所設已辦惟願如來。慈哀憐愍為諸眾生
T12n0374_p0541b14║受是住處。我時玄知是長者心。即與大眾發
T12n0374_p0541b15║王舍城。譬如壯士屈伸臂頃。至舍衛城祇陀
T12n0374_p0541b16║園林須達精舍。我既到已。須達長者以其所
T12n0374_p0541b17║設奉施於我。我時受已即住其中。
T12n0374_p0541b18║大般涅槃經卷第二十九