【經文資訊】大正新脩大藏經 第一冊 No. 7《大般涅槃經》
【版本記錄】CBETA 電子佛典 V1.10 (Big5) 普及版，完成日期：2006/04/12
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# Taisho Tripitaka Vol. 1, No. 7 大般涅槃經
# CBETA Chinese Electronic Tripitaka V1.10 (Big5) Normalized Version, Release Date: 2006/04/12
# Distributor: Chinese Buddhist Electronic Text Association (CBETA)
# Source material obtained from: Text as provided by Mr. Hsiao Chen-Kuo, Text as provided by Mr. Chang Wen-Ming, Text as provided by Anonymous, USA
# Distributed free of charge. For details please read at http://www.cbeta.org/copyright_e.htm
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T01n0007_p0191b01║　　No. 7 [No. 1(2), Nos. 5, 6]
T01n0007_p0191b02║大般涅槃經卷上
T01n0007_p0191b03║
T01n0007_p0191b04║　　　　東晉平陽沙門釋法顯譯
T01n0007_p0191b05║如是我聞。一時佛在毘耶離大林中重閣講
T01n0007_p0191b06║堂。與大比丘眾千二百五十人俱。爾時世尊。
T01n0007_p0191b07║而與阿難。於晨朝時。著衣持缽。入城乞食。
T01n0007_p0191b08║還歸所止。食竟洗漱。收攝衣缽。告阿難言。
T01n0007_p0191b09║汝可取我尼師壇來。吾今當往遮波羅支提。
T01n0007_p0191b10║入定思惟。作此言已。即與阿難。俱往彼處。
T01n0007_p0191b11║既至彼處。阿難即便敷尼師壇。於是世尊結
T01n0007_p0191b12║跏趺坐。寂然思惟。阿難爾時去佛不遠。亦於
T01n0007_p0191b13║別處。端坐入定。世尊須臾。從定而覺。告阿
T01n0007_p0191b14║難言。此毘耶離。優陀延支提。瞿曇支提。菴
T01n0007_p0191b15║羅支提。多子支提。娑羅支提。遮波羅支
T01n0007_p0191b16║提。此等支提。甚可愛樂。阿難。四神足人。尚
T01n0007_p0191b17║能住壽滿於一劫若減一劫。如來今者有大
T01n0007_p0191b18║神力。豈當不能住壽一劫若減一劫。爾時世
T01n0007_p0191b19║尊。既開如是可請之門。以語阿難。阿難默
T01n0007_p0191b20║然。而不覺知。世尊乃至慇懃三說。阿難茫
T01n0007_p0191b21║然。猶不解悟。不請如來住壽一劫若減一劫。
T01n0007_p0191b22║利益世間諸天人民。所以者何。其為魔王所
T01n0007_p0191b23║迷惑故。爾時世尊。三說此語。猶見阿難心
T01n0007_p0191b24║不開悟。即便默然。
T01n0007_p0191b25║爾時魔王。來至佛所。而白佛言。世尊今者
T01n0007_p0191b26║宜般涅槃。善逝今者宜般涅槃。所以者何。我
T01n0007_p0191b27║於往昔在尼連禪河側。勸請世尊入般涅槃。
T01n0007_p0191b28║世尊爾時而見答言。我四部眾。比丘比丘尼。
T01n0007_p0191b29║優婆塞優婆夷。猶未具足。又未降伏諸餘外
T01n0007_p0191c01║道。所以未應入般涅槃。世尊今者四部之眾。
T01n0007_p0191c02║無不具足。又已降伏諸餘外道。所為之事皆
T01n0007_p0191c03║悉已畢。今者宜應入般涅槃。于時魔王如是
T01n0007_p0191c04║三請。如來即便答言善哉。我於往昔。在尼連
T01n0007_p0191c05║禪河側。已自許汝。以四部眾未具足故。所
T01n0007_p0191c06║以至今。今已具足。卻後三月當般涅槃。是
T01n0007_p0191c07║時魔王。聞佛此語。歡喜踊躍。還歸天宮。
T01n0007_p0191c08║爾時世尊。即便捨壽。而以神力住命三月。
T01n0007_p0191c09║是時大地十八相動。天鼓自鳴。以佛力故空
T01n0007_p0191c10║中唱言。如來不久當般涅槃。諸天人眾。忽
T01n0007_p0191c11║聞此聲。心大悲[怡-台+農]遍體血現。是時世尊。即
T01n0007_p0191c12║於彼處。而說偈言。
T01n0007_p0191c13║　一切諸眾生　　皆隨有生死
T01n0007_p0191c14║　我今亦生死　　而不隨於有
T01n0007_p0191c15║　一切造作行　　我今欲棄捨
T01n0007_p0191c16║爾時世尊。說此偈已。默然而住。是時阿難。
T01n0007_p0191c17║見大地動。心大驚怖。而自念言。今者何故忽
T01n0007_p0191c18║有是相。如此之事非為小緣。我今當往諮問
T01n0007_p0191c19║世尊。作此念已。即從座起。到於佛前。頭面
T01n0007_p0191c20║禮足白言。世尊我向於彼。別處思惟。忽見
T01n0007_p0191c21║大地十八相動。又聞空中天鼓之聲。心大怖
T01n0007_p0191c22║懼。不知此相。是何因緣。佛言。阿難。大地震
T01n0007_p0191c23║動。有八因緣。一者大地依於水住。又此大
T01n0007_p0191c24║水依風輪住。又此風輪依虛空住。空中有時
T01n0007_p0191c25║猛風大起。吹彼風輪。風輪既動。彼水亦動。
T01n0007_p0191c26║彼水既動。大地乃動。二者比丘比丘尼優婆
T01n0007_p0191c27║塞優婆夷。有修神通。始成就者。欲自試驗。
T01n0007_p0191c28║故大地動。三者菩薩在兜率天。將欲來下。降
T01n0007_p0191c29║神母胎。故大地動。四者菩薩初生。從右脅
T01n0007_p0192a01║出。故大地動。五者菩薩捨於王宮。出家學
T01n0007_p0192a02║道。成一切種智。故大地動。六者如來成道。
T01n0007_p0192a03║始為人天轉妙法輪。故大地動。七者如來捨
T01n0007_p0192a04║壽。以神通力住命而住。故大地動。八者如
T01n0007_p0192a05║來般涅槃時。故大地動。阿難。當知地動因緣。
T01n0007_p0192a06║有此八事。阿難。有八部眾。一者剎利。二者
T01n0007_p0192a07║婆羅門。三者長者居士。四者沙門。五者四天
T01n0007_p0192a08║王。六者忉利天。七者魔王。八者梵王。此八
T01n0007_p0192a09║部眾。我觀其根應得度者。隨所現形。而為
T01n0007_p0192a10║說法。彼亦不知是我所說。阿難。有八勝處。一
T01n0007_p0192a11║者內有色想外觀色少境界。二者內有色想
T01n0007_p0192a12║外觀色無量境界。三者內無色想外觀色少
T01n0007_p0192a13║境界。四者內無色想外觀色無量境界。五者
T01n0007_p0192a14║觀一切色青。六者觀一切色黃。七者觀一切
T01n0007_p0192a15║色赤。八者觀一切色白。此是行者上勝之法。
T01n0007_p0192a16║復次阿難。有八解脫。一者內有色想外觀色。
T01n0007_p0192a17║二者內無色想外觀色不淨思惟。三者淨解
T01n0007_p0192a18║脫。四者空處解脫。五者識處解脫。六者無所
T01n0007_p0192a19║有處解脫。七者非想非非想處解脫。八者滅
T01n0007_p0192a20║盡定解脫。此亦復是行者勝法。若能究竟此
T01n0007_p0192a21║等法者。即於諸法。自在無礙。阿難。知不。我
T01n0007_p0192a22║於往昔。初成道時。度優樓頻螺迦葉。在尼
T01n0007_p0192a23║連禪河側。爾時魔王來至我所。而請我言。世
T01n0007_p0192a24║尊。今者宜般涅槃。善逝。今者宜般涅槃。何
T01n0007_p0192a25║以故。所應度者皆悉解脫。今者正是般涅槃
T01n0007_p0192a26║時。如是三請。我即答言。今者未是般涅槃時。
T01n0007_p0192a27║所以者何。我四部眾未具足故。所應度者皆
T01n0007_p0192a28║未究竟。諸外道眾。又未降伏。如是三答。魔
T01n0007_p0192a29║王聞已。心懷愁[怡-台+農]。即還天宮。向者又來。而
T01n0007_p0192b01║請我言。世尊。今者宜般涅槃。善逝。今者宜般
T01n0007_p0192b02║涅槃。所以者何。我於往昔。在尼連禪河側。
T01n0007_p0192b03║勸請世尊而般涅槃。世尊爾時即答我言。我
T01n0007_p0192b04║四部眾。比丘比丘尼。優婆塞優婆夷。猶未
T01n0007_p0192b05║具足。又未降伏諸餘外道。是以未應入般涅
T01n0007_p0192b06║槃。世尊。今者四部之眾。無不具足。又已降
T01n0007_p0192b07║伏諸餘外道。所為之事皆悉已畢。今者宜應
T01n0007_p0192b08║入般涅槃。魔王乃至如是三請。我即答言。
T01n0007_p0192b09║我於往昔。在尼連禪河側。已自許汝。以四
T01n0007_p0192b10║部眾未具足故。所以至今。今已具足。卻後
T01n0007_p0192b11║三月。當般涅槃。魔王聞我作此語已。歡喜踊
T01n0007_p0192b12║躍還歸天宮。我既於此受魔請已。即便捨壽。
T01n0007_p0192b13║住命三月。以是因緣。大地震動。爾時阿難
T01n0007_p0192b14║聞佛此語。心大悲[怡-台+農]遍體血現。涕泣流淚。
T01n0007_p0192b15║而白佛言。唯願世尊。哀愍我等。住壽一劫。若
T01n0007_p0192b16║減一劫。利益世間諸天人民。如是三請。爾
T01n0007_p0192b17║時世尊。告阿難言。汝今非是請如來時。所
T01n0007_p0192b18║以者何。我已許魔。卻後三月。當般涅槃。汝
T01n0007_p0192b19║今云何而請住耶。阿難。汝侍我來。頗曾聞我
T01n0007_p0192b20║說二言不。阿難白佛。實不曾聞天人之師有
T01n0007_p0192b21║二言也。我於往昔曾聞。世尊為四部眾。而
T01n0007_p0192b22║說法言。四神足人。則能住壽。滿足一劫。若
T01n0007_p0192b23║減一劫。況復如來。無量神力自在之王。今
T01n0007_p0192b24║更不能住壽一劫。若減一劫。而便捨壽。住命
T01n0007_p0192b25║三月。唯願世尊。哀愍我等。住壽一劫。若減一
T01n0007_p0192b26║劫。爾時世尊答阿難言。我今所以便捨壽者。
T01n0007_p0192b27║正由汝故。所以者何。我前於此向汝說言。四
T01n0007_p0192b28║神足人。尚能住壽。滿足一劫。若減一劫。如
T01n0007_p0192b29║來今者有大神力。豈當不能住壽一劫。若減
T01n0007_p0192c01║一劫。乃至如是慇懃三說。開勸請門。而汝默
T01n0007_p0192c02║然。曾不請我。住壽一劫。若減一劫。是故我
T01n0007_p0192c03║今住命三月。汝今云何方請我住。爾時阿難
T01n0007_p0192c04║聞佛此語。決定知佛入般涅槃不可勸請。心
T01n0007_p0192c05║生苦痛。悶絕懊[怡-台+農]。泣涕流連。不能自勝。
T01n0007_p0192c06║爾時世尊既見阿難生大苦[怡-台+農]。而以梵音安
T01n0007_p0192c07║慰之言。阿難。汝今勿生憂悲。有為之法皆
T01n0007_p0192c08║悉如是。一切合會無不別離。世尊即便而說
T01n0007_p0192c09║偈言。
T01n0007_p0192c10║　一切有為法　　皆悉歸無常
T01n0007_p0192c11║　恩愛和合者　　必歸於別離
T01n0007_p0192c12║　諸行法如是　　不應生憂[怡-台+農]
T01n0007_p0192c13║於是阿難流淚而言。天人之師無上大尊。不
T01n0007_p0192c14║久應當入般涅槃。我今云何而不憂[怡-台+農]。即
T01n0007_p0192c15║便拍頭高聲唱言。嗚呼苦哉。世間眼滅。眾
T01n0007_p0192c16║生不久。失於慈父。爾時世尊又告阿難。汝
T01n0007_p0192c17║今不應生於憂[怡-台+農]。設住一劫。若減一劫。會
T01n0007_p0192c18║亦當滅。有為之法。性相如是。汝勿於我獨
T01n0007_p0192c19║生苦也。我今欲還重閣講堂。汝可取我尼師
T01n0007_p0192c20║壇來。於是世尊。即與阿難俱。共還歸重閣
T01n0007_p0192c21║講堂。
T01n0007_p0192c22║爾時世尊告阿難言。汝今可語。此大林中。
T01n0007_p0192c23║重閣講堂。諸比丘眾。皆悉令往大集講堂。
T01n0007_p0192c24║阿難奉敕。即便普語諸比丘眾。世尊皆令往
T01n0007_p0192c25║大集堂。比丘集已。阿難白佛。諸比丘眾悉皆
T01n0007_p0192c26║已集。唯願如來。自知其時。爾時如來。從重
T01n0007_p0192c27║閣講堂。往大集堂。敷座而坐告諸比丘。我
T01n0007_p0192c28║昔為汝所說諸法。常思惟之。誦習勿廢。淨
T01n0007_p0192c29║修梵行。護持禁戒。福利世間諸天人民。諸比
T01n0007_p0193a01║丘。我昔為汝說何等法。汝思惟之。勿生懈
T01n0007_p0193a02║怠。三十七道品法。所謂四念處。四正勤。四
T01n0007_p0193a03║如意足。五根。五力。七覺支。八聖道分。汝
T01n0007_p0193a04║應修習精勤思惟。此法能令到解脫處。復次
T01n0007_p0193a05║比丘。一切諸法皆悉無常。身命危脆猶如驚
T01n0007_p0193a06║電。汝等不應生於放逸。汝等當知。如來不
T01n0007_p0193a07║久。卻後三月。當般涅槃。爾時世尊即說偈
T01n0007_p0193a08║言。
T01n0007_p0193a09║　我欲棄捐此　　朽故之老身
T01n0007_p0193a10║　今已捨於壽　　住命留三月
T01n0007_p0193a11║　所應化度者　　皆悉已畢竟
T01n0007_p0193a12║　是故我不久　　當入般涅槃
T01n0007_p0193a13║　我所說諸法　　則是汝等師
T01n0007_p0193a14║　頂戴加守護　　修習勿廢忘
T01n0007_p0193a15║　汝等勤精進　　如我在無異
T01n0007_p0193a16║　生死甚危脆　　身命悉無常
T01n0007_p0193a17║　常求於解脫　　勿造放逸行
T01n0007_p0193a18║　正念清淨觀　　善護持禁戒
T01n0007_p0193a19║　定意端思惟　　攝情於外境
T01n0007_p0193a20║　若能如此者　　是則護正法
T01n0007_p0193a21║　自到解脫處　　利益諸天人
T01n0007_p0193a22║爾時諸比丘聞佛此語。心大苦痛。涕泣交
T01n0007_p0193a23║流。遍體血現。迷悶懊[怡-台+農]。而白佛言。世尊。
T01n0007_p0193a24║唯願住壽。勿般涅槃。利益眾生。增長人天。
T01n0007_p0193a25║唯願住壽。勿般涅槃。開諸眾生智慧之眼。
T01n0007_p0193a26║一切眾生墮於黑暗。唯願如來。為作明照。
T01n0007_p0193a27║一切眾生皆悉漂沒生死大海。唯願如來。為
T01n0007_p0193a28║作舟航。舉手拍頭。搥胸大叫。嗚呼苦哉。如
T01n0007_p0193a29║來不久當般涅槃。一切眾生。何所歸依。爾時
T01n0007_p0193b01║世尊告諸比丘。一切諸法。皆悉無常。恩愛
T01n0007_p0193b02║合會。無不別離。汝等不應請我住世。何以
T01n0007_p0193b03║故。今者非是勸請我時。向為汝等略說法
T01n0007_p0193b04║要。當善奉持如我無異。日既晚暮。世尊即
T01n0007_p0193b05║與阿難俱共還歸重閣講堂。爾時世尊既至
T01n0007_p0193b06║明旦著衣持缽。而與阿難入城乞食。既得食
T01n0007_p0193b07║已。即便還歸重閣講堂。食訖澡漱與諸比丘。
T01n0007_p0193b08║往乾荼村。路經毘耶離城。世尊迴顧。向城而
T01n0007_p0193b09║笑。阿難即便頭頂禮足。而問佛言。無上大
T01n0007_p0193b10║尊。非無因緣而妄笑也。佛即答言。阿難。我
T01n0007_p0193b11║今所以向城笑者。正為最後見此城故。當於
T01n0007_p0193b12║如來說此言時。虛空之中。無雲而雨。於是阿
T01n0007_p0193b13║難復白佛言。世尊。甚為奇特。虛空清淨。無
T01n0007_p0193b14║有氣翳。忽然而降如此密雨。佛告阿難。汝
T01n0007_p0193b15║知之不。虛空諸天。聞我說言最後見於毘耶
T01n0007_p0193b16║離城。心大懊[怡-台+農]。悲感涕泣。此是天淚。非
T01n0007_p0193b17║為雨也。爾時阿難及諸比丘。聞佛此語。心
T01n0007_p0193b18║復悲[怡-台+農]。悶絕[跳-兆+辟]地。而白佛言。今者天人。
T01n0007_p0193b19║極大苦痛。世尊云何而欲委捨般涅槃耶。爾
T01n0007_p0193b20║時如來。即以梵音。而安慰之。汝等不應生
T01n0007_p0193b21║於憂苦。諸比丘言。世尊今者最後見於毘耶
T01n0007_p0193b22║離城。不久便當入般涅槃。我等云何而不憂
T01n0007_p0193b23║苦。如是展轉。人人相告。乃至聲徹諸離車
T01n0007_p0193b24║等。時諸離車。聞此語已。心懷悲[怡-台+農]。遍體
T01n0007_p0193b25║血現。舉手拍頭。搥胸大叫。嗚呼苦哉。世間
T01n0007_p0193b26║眼滅。眾生於今無所歸依。互相語言。我等
T01n0007_p0193b27║今者。應往佛所勸請世尊。住毘耶離。住壽
T01n0007_p0193b28║一劫。若減一劫。利益世間諸天人民。即便嚴
T01n0007_p0193b29║駕疾往佛所。既出城門遙睹如來。又見阿難
T01n0007_p0193c01║及諸比丘。涕泣流連。悶絕懊[怡-台+農]。諸離車等。
T01n0007_p0193c02║倍增悲慟。前詣佛所。頭面禮足。而白佛言。
T01n0007_p0193c03║世尊今者。欲般涅槃。一切眾生。失智慧眼。
T01n0007_p0193c04║方當在於黑暗之中。云何能見所應行處。唯
T01n0007_p0193c05║願世尊。住壽一劫。若減一劫。如是三請。佛
T01n0007_p0193c06║即答言。有為之法。皆悉無常。設住一劫。若
T01n0007_p0193c07║減一劫。亦歸無常。爾時如來。即說偈言。
T01n0007_p0193c08║　須彌雖高廣　　終歸於消磨
T01n0007_p0193c09║　大海雖淵曠　　會亦還枯竭
T01n0007_p0193c10║　日月雖明朗　　不久則西沒
T01n0007_p0193c11║　大地雖堅固　　能負荷一切
T01n0007_p0193c12║　劫盡業火然　　亦復歸無常
T01n0007_p0193c13║　恩愛合會者　　必歸於別離
T01n0007_p0193c14║　過去諸如來　　金剛不壞身
T01n0007_p0193c15║　亦為無常遷　　今我豈獨異
T01n0007_p0193c16║　諸佛法如是　　汝等不應請
T01n0007_p0193c17║　勿偏於我上　　而更生憂惱
T01n0007_p0193c18║爾時世尊說此偈已。告諸離車。汝等可止
T01n0007_p0193c19║啼泣之情。諦聽如來最後所說。諸離車言。
T01n0007_p0193c20║善哉世尊。願樂欲聞。於是如來。敷尼師壇。
T01n0007_p0193c21║結跏趺坐。諸比丘眾。及以離車。強自抑忍。
T01n0007_p0193c22║各坐一面。爾時世尊告離車言。汝等當知。
T01n0007_p0193c23║有七種法。日就增進。而不減損。一者歡悅
T01n0007_p0193c24║和同。無相違逆。二者共相曉悟。講論善業。
T01n0007_p0193c25║三者護持禁戒。及持禮儀。四者恭敬父母及
T01n0007_p0193c26║餘尊長。五者親戚和睦。各相承順。六者國
T01n0007_p0193c27║內支提。修理供養。七者奉持佛法。親敬比
T01n0007_p0193c28║丘及比丘尼。愛護優婆塞及優婆夷。如是七
T01n0007_p0193c29║法。若受行者。令人威德日就增進。國土熾
T01n0007_p0194a01║盛。人民豐樂。汝等從今至盡形壽。當奉持
T01n0007_p0194a02║之。無得懈怠。時諸離車。即白佛言。我等若
T01n0007_p0194a03║於此七法中。修行一事。尚能令我威德增進。
T01n0007_p0194a04║況復具足修行七法。善哉世尊。我等今者。
T01n0007_p0194a05║便得福利。當盡形壽奉持不忘。爾時世尊
T01n0007_p0194a06║告諸比丘。汝等從今亦當修習七法之行。一
T01n0007_p0194a07║者歡悅和諧猶如水乳。二者常共集會講論
T01n0007_p0194a08║經法。三者護持禁戒。不生犯想。四者恭敬
T01n0007_p0194a09║於師及以上座。五者料理愛敬阿練比丘。六
T01n0007_p0194a10║者勸化檀越。修營三寶所止住處。七者勤加
T01n0007_p0194a11║精進。守護佛法。汝等當知。若有比丘行此
T01n0007_p0194a12║七法。功德智慧。日就增進。復次比丘。更有
T01n0007_p0194a13║七法。汝等當修。一者不如白衣營資生業。二
T01n0007_p0194a14║者不作戲論調謔之言。三者不樂睡眠廢於
T01n0007_p0194a15║精勤。四者不論世間無益之事。五者遠惡知
T01n0007_p0194a16║識。近於善友。六者正念。不生邪想。七者
T01n0007_p0194a17║若於佛法有所得者。更求勝進。汝等若能
T01n0007_p0194a18║行此七法。功德智慧日就增長。復次比丘。更
T01n0007_p0194a19║有七法汝等當行。一者於佛法僧。生堅固
T01n0007_p0194a20║信。二者有慚。三者有愧。四者心常樂於多
T01n0007_p0194a21║聞。五者心不輕躁。六者樂聞經義。七者
T01n0007_p0194a22║樂修智慧。汝等若能修此七法。功德智慧日
T01n0007_p0194a23║就增長。復次比丘。更有七覺意法。汝等當
T01n0007_p0194a24║行。一者擇法。二者精進。三者喜。四者念。五
T01n0007_p0194a25║者定。六者猗。七者捨。汝等若能行此七法。
T01n0007_p0194a26║功德智慧日就增長。復次比丘。更有七法。
T01n0007_p0194a27║一者觀於無常。二者觀於無我。三者觀於不
T01n0007_p0194a28║淨。四者觀苦。五者不樂世間。六者不著五
T01n0007_p0194a29║欲。七者勤修寂滅。汝等若能行此七法。功
T01n0007_p0194b01║德智慧日就增長。復次比丘。更有七法。汝等
T01n0007_p0194b02║當行。一者身常行慈。二者口常行慈。三者意
T01n0007_p0194b03║常行慈。四者若有檀越種種布施。平等分與
T01n0007_p0194b04║無使有偏。五者於深妙法。樂說不厭。六者
T01n0007_p0194b05║不以世間典籍而教於人。七者見非同學不
T01n0007_p0194b06║生憎嫉。汝等若能修此七法。功德智慧日就
T01n0007_p0194b07║增長。復次比丘。更有七法。汝等當行。一
T01n0007_p0194b08║者於九部法。善能分別。二者善解其義。三
T01n0007_p0194b09║者行道誦習。皆得其時。四者行住坐臥。善
T01n0007_p0194b10║得儀中。五者為人說法。並自量忖。以其所
T01n0007_p0194b11║長。而以教人。六者若婆羅門。剎利。長者居
T01n0007_p0194b12║士。來欲聽法。當善籌量。隨根為說。七者善
T01n0007_p0194b13║別愚智。汝等若能行此七法。功德智慧日就
T01n0007_p0194b14║增長。則能守護我之正法。
T01n0007_p0194b15║爾時國中諸離車妻。聞佛不久當般涅槃。
T01n0007_p0194b16║今者最後見毘耶離。心大懊[怡-台+農]。悲泣流連。
T01n0007_p0194b17║各與五百眷屬。各辦五百乘車。載供養具。
T01n0007_p0194b18║種種莊嚴。車牛白者。懸素幡蓋。如是玄黃。
T01n0007_p0194b19║各隨牛色。次第出城。往至佛所。爾時世尊
T01n0007_p0194b20║遙見彼來。告諸比丘。汝等見此諸離車妻。
T01n0007_p0194b21║前後導從。極嚴麗不。比丘答言。唯然見之。
T01n0007_p0194b22║佛告比丘。此毘耶離。離車長者。及以其妻。
T01n0007_p0194b23║出入之儀。甚為光飾。與忉利天。等無異也。
T01n0007_p0194b24║時離車妻。既到佛所。頭面禮足。悲泣流連。
T01n0007_p0194b25║不能自勝。以諸供具。而供養佛白言。世尊。
T01n0007_p0194b26║唯願。住壽教化眾生。世尊今若般涅槃者。
T01n0007_p0194b27║我等盲瞑。永無開悟。受生薄福。為此女身。
T01n0007_p0194b28║恒有限礙。不得自在。無緣而數親近世尊。
T01n0007_p0194b29║世尊便欲般涅槃者。我等善根日就減損。爾
T01n0007_p0194c01║時如來而答之言。汝等從今至盡形壽。精勤
T01n0007_p0194c02║持戒。如人護眼。意念端直。勿生諂嫉。此便
T01n0007_p0194c03║即是。常得見我。諸離車妻。聞佛此語。倍增
T01n0007_p0194c04║悲絕。不能自勝。卻坐一面。
T01n0007_p0194c05║爾時菴婆羅女。顏容端正世界第一。聞佛不
T01n0007_p0194c06║久當般涅槃。最後見於毘耶離城。心懷悲懊。
T01n0007_p0194c07║涕泣交流。即與五百眷屬。嚴五百乘車。次
T01n0007_p0194c08║第出城。往詣佛所。爾時世尊。遙見彼來。告
T01n0007_p0194c09║諸比丘。菴婆羅女。今來詣我。形貌殊絕。舉
T01n0007_p0194c10║世無雙。汝等皆當端心正念。勿生著意。比
T01n0007_p0194c11║丘當觀此身。有諸不淨。肝膽腸胃心肺脾腎。
T01n0007_p0194c12║屎尿膿血。充滿其中。八萬戶虫。居在其內。
T01n0007_p0194c13║髮毛爪齒。薄皮覆肉。九孔常流。無一可樂。
T01n0007_p0194c14║又復此身。根本始生。由於不淨。此身所可
T01n0007_p0194c15║往來之處。皆悉能令不淨流溢。雖復飾以雕
T01n0007_p0194c16║綵。熏以名香。譬如寶瓶中藏臭穢。又其死
T01n0007_p0194c17║時。[月*逢]脹腐爛。節節支解。身中有虫。而還
T01n0007_p0194c18║食之。又為虎狼鴟梟鵰鷲之所吞噬。世人愚
T01n0007_p0194c19║癡。不能正觀。戀著恩愛。保之至死。橫於其中
T01n0007_p0194c20║而生貪欲。何有智者。而樂此耶。爾時世尊。
T01n0007_p0194c21║即說偈言。
T01n0007_p0194c22║　雖復佩瓔珞　　香華自嚴飾
T01n0007_p0194c23║　屎尿及唾洟　　不淨藏其內
T01n0007_p0194c24║　眾生保惜之　　迷惑不覺悟
T01n0007_p0194c25║　猶如灰覆火　　愚人蹈其上
T01n0007_p0194c26║　智者當遠離　　勿生染著心
T01n0007_p0194c27║爾時菴婆羅女到於佛前。頭面禮足。以諸
T01n0007_p0194c28║供具。而供養佛。銜淚嗚咽。而白佛言。唯願
T01n0007_p0194c29║世尊。住壽住世。不般涅槃。利益世間諸天
T01n0007_p0195a01║人民。世尊若定般涅槃者。一切眾生。無復獎
T01n0007_p0195a02║道。猶如嬰兒失於慈母。爾時世尊。而告之
T01n0007_p0195a03║言。一切諸行。性相如是。汝今不應生於悲
T01n0007_p0195a04║[怡-台+農]。世尊即便普為來眾而說法言。汝等從今
T01n0007_p0195a05║護持禁戒。勿得虧犯。破戒之人。天龍鬼神。
T01n0007_p0195a06║所共憎厭。惡聲流布。人不喜見。若在眾中。
T01n0007_p0195a07║獨無威德。諸善鬼神。不復守護。臨命終時。
T01n0007_p0195a08║心識怖懼。設有微善。悉不憶念。死即隨業
T01n0007_p0195a09║受地獄苦。經歷劫數。然後得出。復受餓鬼
T01n0007_p0195a10║畜生之身。如是轉轉無解脫期。比丘持戒
T01n0007_p0195a11║之人。天龍鬼神。所共恭敬。美聲流布。聞徹
T01n0007_p0195a12║世間。處大眾中。威德明盛。諸善鬼神。常隨
T01n0007_p0195a13║守護。臨命終時。正念分明。死即生於清淨
T01n0007_p0195a14║之處。當於如來說此法時。六萬八千那由他
T01n0007_p0195a15║天人八部。遠塵離垢。得法眼淨。六十比丘。漏
T01n0007_p0195a16║盡意解。成阿羅漢。爾時世尊。告諸離車。及
T01n0007_p0195a17║與其妻。并菴婆羅女。我今欲進乾荼村中。
T01n0007_p0195a18║汝等可各還歸所止。當知。諸行皆悉無常。但
T01n0007_p0195a19║當修行我所說法。勿如嬰兒涕泣悲[怡-台+農]。世
T01n0007_p0195a20║尊即便從座而起。時諸離車及與其妻。菴婆
T01n0007_p0195a21║羅女。聞佛此言。搥胸拍頭。號咷大叫。緣路隨
T01n0007_p0195a22║佛不肯旋返。世尊既見戀慕情深。非是言辭
T01n0007_p0195a23║所可安慰。即以神力。化作河水。涯岸深絕。波
T01n0007_p0195a24║流迅疾。時諸離車及以眷屬。菴婆羅女。既
T01n0007_p0195a25║見如來與比丘眾。在彼河岸。倍增悲慟。
T01n0007_p0195a26║悶絕[跳-兆+辟]地。而以微聲。共相謂言。是處那忽
T01n0007_p0195a27║有此大河。而復乃爾波湍驚急。當是如來見
T01n0007_p0195a28║於我等隨從不捨。而故作此。絕行道耳。時
T01n0007_p0195a29║諸離車及以其妻。菴婆羅女。既不得度心
T01n0007_p0195b01║倍踊躍。俛仰哽咽。絕望乃還。爾時如來。至
T01n0007_p0195b02║乾荼村北林中住。告諸比丘。汝等當知。有
T01n0007_p0195b03║四種法。一戒。二定。三慧。四解脫。若不聞
T01n0007_p0195b04║知此四法者。斯人長夜在生死海。我於往
T01n0007_p0195b05║昔。若不聞知此四法者。不能疾得阿耨多羅
T01n0007_p0195b06║三藐三菩提。於是世尊。即說偈曰。
T01n0007_p0195b07║　戒定慧解脫　　我若不久聞
T01n0007_p0195b08║　不能疾得證　　無上正真道
T01n0007_p0195b09║　汝等宜精進　　修習此四法
T01n0007_p0195b10║　能斷生死苦　　天人上福田
T01n0007_p0195b11║爾時世尊說此偈已。為諸比丘。分別廣說此
T01n0007_p0195b12║四法義。當於如來說此法時。千二百比丘。
T01n0007_p0195b13║即於諸法。漏盡意解。成阿羅漢。
T01n0007_p0195b14║爾時世尊。與諸比丘。即從座起。趣於象村。菴
T01n0007_p0195b15║婆羅村。閻浮村乃至到於善伽城。到彼城已
T01n0007_p0195b16║與諸比丘。前後圍繞。在一處坐。於是世尊。
T01n0007_p0195b17║告諸比丘。有四聖諦。當勤觀察。一者苦諦。二
T01n0007_p0195b18║者集諦。三者滅諦。四者道諦。比丘。苦諦者。
T01n0007_p0195b19║所謂八苦。一生苦。二老苦。三病苦。四死苦。
T01n0007_p0195b20║五所求不得苦。六怨憎會苦。七愛別離苦。
T01n0007_p0195b21║八五受陰苦。汝等當知。此八種苦。及有漏
T01n0007_p0195b22║法。以逼迫故。諦實是苦。集諦者。無明及愛。
T01n0007_p0195b23║能為八苦而作因本。當知此集。諦是苦因。滅
T01n0007_p0195b24║諦者。無明愛滅絕於苦因。當知此滅。諦實是
T01n0007_p0195b25║滅。道諦者。八正道。一正見。二正念。三正
T01n0007_p0195b26║思惟。四正業。五正精進。六正語。七正命。
T01n0007_p0195b27║八正定。此八法者。諦是聖道。若人精勤。觀
T01n0007_p0195b28║此四法。速離生死。到解脫處。汝等比丘。若
T01n0007_p0195b29║於此法。已究竟者。亦當精勤為他解說。我
T01n0007_p0195c01║若滅後。汝等亦應勤思修習。當於如來說此
T01n0007_p0195c02║法時。五百比丘。漏盡意解。成阿羅漢。虛空
T01n0007_p0195c03║諸天。其數四萬。於諸法中。遠塵離垢。得法
T01n0007_p0195c04║眼淨。
T01n0007_p0195c05║爾時世尊告諸比丘。有四決定說。一者若
T01n0007_p0195c06║有比丘。樂欲說法。作如是言。我親從佛聞。
T01n0007_p0195c07║如是法善解其義。受持讀誦。極自通利。汝
T01n0007_p0195c08║等宜應請之令說。應隨所聞善自思惟。為修
T01n0007_p0195c09║多羅。為是毘尼。法相之中。有此法耶。若修
T01n0007_p0195c10║多羅及以毘尼法相之中。有此法者。宜應受
T01n0007_p0195c11║持。稱讚善哉。若修多羅及以毘尼法相之
T01n0007_p0195c12║中。無此法者。不應受持。亦勿稱讚。當知此
T01n0007_p0195c13║法。非我所說。二者若有比丘。樂欲說法。作
T01n0007_p0195c14║如是言。我於某處。比丘僧眾。聞如是法。善
T01n0007_p0195c15║解其義。受持讀誦。極自通利。汝等宜應請
T01n0007_p0195c16║之令說。隨所聞法善自思惟。為修多羅。為
T01n0007_p0195c17║是毘尼。為是法相。有此法耶。若修多羅。及
T01n0007_p0195c18║以毘尼法相之中。有此法者。宜應受持。稱
T01n0007_p0195c19║讚善哉。若修多羅及以毘尼法相之中。無
T01n0007_p0195c20║此法者。不應受持。亦勿稱讚。當知此法非
T01n0007_p0195c21║我所說。亦復非彼比丘眾說。三者若有比
T01n0007_p0195c22║丘樂欲說法。作如是言。我親從彼某僧伽
T01n0007_p0195c23║藍某阿練若住處。眾多上座比丘。悉皆多
T01n0007_p0195c24║聞。聰明智慧。聞如是法。善解其義。受持讀
T01n0007_p0195c25║誦。極自通利。汝等宜應請之令說。應隨所
T01n0007_p0195c26║聞。善思惟之。為修多羅。為是毘尼。為是法
T01n0007_p0195c27║相中有此法耶。若修多羅。及以毘尼法相
T01n0007_p0195c28║之中。有此法者。宜應受持。稱讚善哉。若修多
T01n0007_p0195c29║羅及以毘尼法相之中。無此法者。不應受持。
T01n0007_p0196a01║亦勿稱讚。當知此法。非我所說。四者若有
T01n0007_p0196a02║比丘。樂欲說法。作如是言。我親從某僧伽
T01n0007_p0196a03║藍某阿練若住處。有一上座比丘。智慧多聞。
T01n0007_p0196a04║聞如是法。善解其義。受持讀誦。極自通利。汝
T01n0007_p0196a05║等宜應請之令說。應隨所聞。善思惟之。為
T01n0007_p0196a06║修多羅。為是毘尼。為法相中有此法耶。若
T01n0007_p0196a07║修多羅及以毘尼法相之中。有此法者。宜
T01n0007_p0196a08║應受持。稱讚善哉。若修多羅及以毘尼法
T01n0007_p0196a09║相之中。無此法者。不應受持。亦勿稱讚。當
T01n0007_p0196a10║知此法。非我所說。汝等宜應善分別。此四
T01n0007_p0196a11║決定說。又亦以此分別說法。傳授餘人。設我
T01n0007_p0196a12║在世。及般涅槃。虛偽真實。以此知之。時諸
T01n0007_p0196a13║比丘而白佛言。善哉世尊。我等從今當能分
T01n0007_p0196a14║別佛說魔說。
T01n0007_p0196a15║爾時世尊與諸比丘。從座而起。趣鳩娑村。
T01n0007_p0196a16║到彼村已。與比丘眾。前後圍繞。坐一樹下。
T01n0007_p0196a17║時彼村中。諸婆羅門。長者居士。聞佛至已。
T01n0007_p0196a18║皆悉馳競。來詣佛所。頭面禮足。卻坐一面。
T01n0007_p0196a19║而白佛言。世尊。今者與諸比丘。故來此村。別
T01n0007_p0196a20║有餘趣。於是如來。即答之言。我卻後三月。
T01n0007_p0196a21║當般涅槃。從毘耶離城。遍歷村邑。次第
T01n0007_p0196a22║到此。爾時諸人。聞佛此語。悲泣懊[怡-台+農]。悶
T01n0007_p0196a23║絕[跳-兆+辟]地。舉手拍頭。搥胸大叫。唱如是言。嗚
T01n0007_p0196a24║呼苦哉。世間眼滅。我等不久。失所歸導。垂
T01n0007_p0196a25║涕白言。唯願世尊。住壽一劫。若減一劫。爾
T01n0007_p0196a26║時世尊。而答之言。汝等不應生此悲[怡-台+農]。所
T01n0007_p0196a27║以者何。有為之法。性相如是。汝等可捨憂
T01n0007_p0196a28║[怡-台+農]之情。靜心聽我最後所說。於是諸人。強
T01n0007_p0196a29║自抑忍。低頭默聽。時彼座中。有一婆羅門。
T01n0007_p0196b01║名弗波育帝。聰明智慧博聞強記。爾時如
T01n0007_p0196b02║來。即告之言。汝等當知。在家之人。有四種
T01n0007_p0196b03║法。宜應修習。一者恭敬父母。盡心孝養。二者
T01n0007_p0196b04║恒以善法。訓導妻子。三者愍念僮僕。知其有
T01n0007_p0196b05║無。四者近善知識。遠離惡人。汝等若恒行
T01n0007_p0196b06║此四法。現世為人之所愛敬。將來所生。常
T01n0007_p0196b07║在善處。復次弗波育帝。在家之人。有四樂
T01n0007_p0196b08║法。一者不負他財。無慚愧色。二者極大
T01n0007_p0196b09║巨富。自惜不用。父母妻子。親戚眷屬。皆不
T01n0007_p0196b10║給與。又不供養沙門婆羅門。三者極大巨富。
T01n0007_p0196b11║身著麗服。口恣上味。供養父母親戚眷屬
T01n0007_p0196b12║皆悉給與。奉事沙門及婆羅門。四者身口意
T01n0007_p0196b13║業。並不為惡。聰明智慧。樂欲多聞。汝等當
T01n0007_p0196b14║知。在家之人。雖復有此四種之樂。而不負他
T01n0007_p0196b15║債及以慳貪。此法名為最下之樂。好行布施。
T01n0007_p0196b16║名為中樂。身口意業不造於惡。聰明智慧。
T01n0007_p0196b17║樂於多聞。此法名為上勝之樂。爾時如來。
T01n0007_p0196b18║而說偈言。
T01n0007_p0196b19║　不負債及慳　　斯名為下樂
T01n0007_p0196b20║　有財行布施　　此名為中樂
T01n0007_p0196b21║　身口意業淨　　智慧樂多聞
T01n0007_p0196b22║　此則為上樂　　慧者之所行
T01n0007_p0196b23║　汝等從今日　　乃至盡形壽
T01n0007_p0196b24║　長幼互相教　　行此中上法
T01n0007_p0196b25║大般涅槃經卷上